Table 3.
Consistency of intervention group differences among prespecified subgroups: age, history of cardiovascular disease, and duration of type 2 diabetes
| Intervention (DSE/ILI) effect or percentage difference |
Interaction P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SE) | 95% CI | ||
| Gray matter volume, cc | |||
| Age at baseline, years | 0.78 | ||
| 45–54 | −5.93 (6.49) | −18.70 to 6.84 | |
| 55–64 | −1.48 (4.35) | −10.05 to 7.08 | |
| 65–76 | 1.12 (8.76) | −16.11 to 18.36 | |
| Diabetes duration, years | 0.97 | ||
| <5 | 0.13 (5.45) | −10.61 to 10.86 | |
| ≥5 | 0.44 (5.20) | −9.79 to 10.66 | |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 0.61 | ||
| No | −0.66 (3.86) | −8.25 to 6.93 | |
| Yes | 6.26 (12.96) | −19.24 to 31.75 | |
| White matter volume, cc | |||
| Age at baseline, years | 0.68 | ||
| 45–54 | 0.48 (3.79) | −6.98 to 7.94 | |
| 55–64 | −2.09 (5.54) | −7.09 to 2.92 | |
| 65–76 | 2.39 (5.12) | −7.68 to 12.46 | |
| Diabetes duration, years | 0.16 | ||
| <5 | 1.40 (2.83) | −4.17 to 6.97 | |
| ≥5 | −4.06 (2.70) | −9.36 to 1.25 | |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 0.44 | ||
| No | −0.44 (2.03) | −4.44 to 3.55 | |
| Yes | −5.94 (6.83) | −19.37 to 7.49 | |
| Total brain volume, cc | |||
| Age at baseline, years | 0.56 | ||
| 45–54 | −4.31 (5.70) | −15.52 to 6.90 | |
| 55–64 | −2.12 (3.82) | −9.64 to 5.40 | |
| 65–76 | 5.72 (7.69) | −9.40 to 20.84 | |
| Diabetes duration, years | 0.73 | ||
| <5 | 1.41 (4.80) | −8.03 to 10.86 | |
| ≥5 | −0.89 (4.57) | −9.89 to 8.11 | |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 0.76 | ||
| No | 0.68 (3.39) | −6.00 to 7.36 | |
| Yes | −2.94 (11.41) | −25.39 to 19.50 | |
| White matter hyperintensity volume,* % cc | |||
| Age at baseline, years | 0.72 | ||
| 45–54 | −35 (18) | −63 to 13 | |
| 55–64 | −19 (16) | −37 to −13 | |
| 65–76 | −33 (24) | −70 to 34 | |
| Diabetes duration, years | 0.03 | ||
| <5 | 7 (23) | −30 to 64 | |
| ≥5 | −44 (12) | −63 to −16 | |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 0.12 | ||
| No | −29 (11) | −47 to −4 | |
| Yes | 66 (86) | −60 to 359 | |
| Ventricle volume,* % cc | |||
| Age at baseline, years | 0.42 | ||
| 45–54 | −16 (7) | −30 to −1 | |
| 55–64 | −5 (6) | −15 to 7 | |
| 65–76 | −5 (11) | −24 to 20 | |
| Diabetes duration, years | 0.08 | ||
| <5 | 1 (7) | −12 to 16 | |
| ≥5 | −14 (6) | −25 to −3 | |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 0.16 | ||
| No | −8 (4) | −17 to 1 | |
| Yes | 17 (19) | −15 to 62 | |
Covariate adjustment was made for intracranial volume and clinic site.
*Log-transformed volumes are presented as back-transformed mean (SE).