. 2016 Feb 1;65(5):1231–1244. doi: 10.2337/db15-0996

Table 3.

Prospective associations between cord blood methylation at birth and childhood BMI, between birth weight and childhood methylation, between childhood methylation and adolescent BMI, and between childhood BMI and adolescent methylation

Exposure	Outcome	CpG site	N	Association without adjustment for the outcome at baseline^*		N	Association with adjustment for the outcome at baseline^*
				β (95% CI)	P value		β (95% CI)	P value
Birth methylation	Childhood BMI	cg22891070	890	−1.70 (−3.66, 0.30)^a	0.10	874	−1.65 (−3.52, 0.26)^a	0.09
		cg27146050	890	−0.03 (−1.04, 1.00)^a	0.96	874	0.21 (−0.77, 1.21)^a	0.67
		cg16672562	890	−2.66 (−5.10, −0.16)^a	0.04	874	−2.23 (−4.58, 0.17)^a	0.07
Birth weight	Childhood methylation	cg22891070	957	0.02 (0.01, 0.04)^b	0.01	871	0.02 (0.003, 0.035)^b	0.02
		cg27146050	957	0.01 (0.001, 0.012)^b	0.02	871	0.01 (0.003, 0.014)^b	0.04
		cg16672562	957	0.03 (0.01, 0.05)^b	0.01	871	0.03 (0.006, 0.046)^b	0.01
Childhood methylation	Adolescent BMI	cg22891070	922	0.68 (−0.40, 1.76)^a	0.22	919	0.14 (−0.64, 0.91)^a	0.73
		cg27146050	922	2.30 (−0.83, 5.43)^a	0.15	919	1.33 (−0.91, 3.57)^a	0.24
		cg16672562	922	0.31 (−0.54, 1.15)^a	0.48	919	−0.04 (−0.64, 0.57)^a	0.90
Childhood BMI	Adolescent methylation	cg22891070	971	0.005(−0.002, 0.011)^c	0.17	937	0.001 (−0.004, 0.005)^c	0.78
		cg27146050	971	0.003 (0.001, 0.005)^c	0.001	937	0.003 (0.001, 0.004)^c	0.001
		cg16672562	971	0.005 (−0.003, 0.013)^c	0.21	937	0.002 (−0.004, 0.008)^c	0.60

*Also adjusted for age at childhood/adolescence, sex, and batch.

^aCoefficients have been converted into percentage change in BMI for every 0.1-unit increase in methylation β-value.

^bCoefficients are change in methylation per 1-kg increase in birth weight.

^cCoefficients are change in methylation per 10% increase in BMI.