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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2015 Dec 29;94(5):1190–1197. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.12.371

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Botulinum toxin (Botox) injection mitigates irradiation (IR)-induced histologic changes. Tissue sections from submandibular glands were stained with hematoxylin and eosin at baseline and 4 weeks after radiation exposure. Degenerative changes with acinar atrophy (black arrowhead), periductal fibrosis (white arrowhead), and lymphocytic infiltrate are seen in the control (saline-IR) group. Botox-pretreated glands are markedly protected from acinar atrophy and periductal reaction (magnification ×40). Acinar area quantification revealed that botox preinjected glands contained significantly larger acinar areas compared with control (CN-saline) conditions; n=4/group, **P<.05.