Table 2.
Medicare costs for subjects residing in the nursing home – hospice vs. no hospicea
| No hospice | Hospice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost Categories | N | Mean (±SD) | N | Mean (±SD) | Adjusted p- valueb |
| 2 days prior to death | |||||
| Total Medicare | 1622 | 2785 (6018) | 874 | 791 (2399) | <.0001 |
| Hospice | 1622 | 0 (0) | 874 | 506 (669) | ---- |
| Inpatient | 1622 | 2438 (5808) | 874 | 231 (2265) | <.0001 |
| SNF | 1622 | 108 (317) | 874 | 12 (130) | <.0001 |
| Other | 1622 | 241 (509) | 874 | 44 (224) | <.0001 |
| 7 days prior to death | |||||
| Total Medicare | 1622 | 5231 (9445) | 706 | 2060 (6120) | <.0001 |
| Hospice | 1622 | 0 (0) | 706 | 1275 (1426) | ---- |
| Inpatient | 1622 | 4296 (9057) | 706 | 635 (5859) | <.0001 |
| SNF | 1622 | 390 (1041) | 706 | 26 (371) | <.0001 |
| Other | 1622 | 547 (814) | 706 | 127 (479) | <.0001 |
| 14 days prior to death | |||||
| Total Medicare | 1622 | 7349 (12108) | 582 | 3436 (10614) | <.0001 |
| Hospice | 1622 | 0 (0) | 582 | 2229 (1817) | ---- |
| Inpatient | 1622 | 5683 (11424) | 582 | 931 (10433) | <.0001 |
| SNF | 1622 | 771 (1957) | 582 | 63 (799) | <.0001 |
| Other | 1622 | 897 (1191) | 582 | 216 (697) | <.0001 |
| 30 days prior to death | |||||
| Total Medicare | 1622 | 10677 (15688) | 468 | 6361 (13804) | <.0001 |
| Hospice | 1622 | 0 (0) | 468 | 4490 (3238) | ---- |
| Inpatient | 1622 | 7551 (13969) | 468 | 1361 (13460) | <.0001 |
| SNF | 1622 | 1568 (3674) | 468 | 123 (1410) | <.0001 |
| Other | 1622 | 1560 (2033) | 468 | 390 (1269) | <.0001 |
| 90 days prior to death | |||||
| Total Medicare | 1622 | 19794 (27750) | 268 | 16156 (18659) | .0016 |
| Hospice | 1622 | 0 (0) | 268 | 12423 (5592) | ---- |
| Inpatient | 1622 | 11938 (21804) | 268 | 2524 (17998) | <.0001 |
| SNF | 1622 | 4247 (8664) | 268 | 287 (3315) | <.0001 |
| Other | 1622 | 3611 (5336) | 268 | 924 (2684) | <.0001 |
| 180 days prior to death | |||||
| Total Medicare | 1622 | 32501 (43882) | 159 | 30239 (23234) | .3506 |
| Hospice | 1622 | 0 (0) | 159 | 25142 (9483) | ---- |
| Inpatient | 1622 | 18189 (32004) | 159 | 2981 (21713) | <.0001 |
| SNF | 1622 | 7858 (12838) | 159 | 828 (7011) | <.0001 |
| Other | 1622 | 6456 (9850) | 159 | 1291 (2361) | <.0001 |
a
A propensity score weighting approach was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between hospice and no hospice subjects. Weights were calculated as 1/p for hospice subjects and 1/(1-p) for non-hospice subjects where p=predicted probability of hospice enrollment; “other” category includes DME, ER, home health, outpatient, other, waiver; sample means and standard deviations are shown.
b
P-values were obtained after adjustment using propensity score weights; false discovery rate method was used to account for multiple testing.
SNF = skilled nursing facility