Table 3.
Maternal Outcomes
| Outcome | NDDG (n=542) |
Carpenter Coustan Only (n=389) |
P-value For Interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treated (n=280) |
Usual Care (n=262) |
Treated (n=196) |
Usual Care (n=193) |
||
| Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension | 25 (8.9%) | 35 (13.4%) | 16 (8.2%) | 27 (14.0%) | 0.73 |
| Shoulder dystocia | 5 (1.8%) | 15 (5.7%) | 2 (1.0%) | 3 (1.6%) | 0.46 |
| Maternal Weight Gain (kg)* | 2.9 ± 3.1 | 4.9 ± 3.1 | 2.2 ± 3.8 | 5.0 ± 3.6 | 0.07 |
| Cesarean Delivery | 78 (27.9%) | 79 (30.2%) | 50 (25.5%) | 75 (38.9%) | 0.08 |
| Glycemic Control | |||||
| Median Fasting | 80 [76-86] | - | 80 [76-86] | - | - |
| Median Post-Prandial Breakfast | 94.5 [87.5-101] | - | 95 [87-102] | - | - |
| Median Post-Prandial Lunch | 100 [94-108] | - | 100 [93.5-107] | - | - |
| Median Post-Prandial Dinner | 106 [100-113] | - | 105 [98.5-112.5] | - | - |
| Insulin Use** | 23 (8.3%) | 2 (0.76%) | 14 (7.2%) | 0 | - |
NDDG: National Diabetes Data Group.
Data are n (%) or mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise specified.
- Cannot be reported as the usual care group did not measure fasting and post-prandial blood sugars. A p-value for the difference in insulin use was not calculated as the usual care group did not routinely follow blood glucose levels.
*
Maternal weight gain reported for n=276 in NDDG treated, n=259 in NDDG untreated, n=194 in Carpenter-Coustan treated, n=191 in Carpenter-Coustan untreated
**
Insulin use available for n=276 in NDDG, treated, n=262 in NDDG untreated, n=195 in Carpenter-Coustan treated, n=193 in Carpenter-Coustan untreated