Table 2.

Longitudinal Association of Loneliness and Social Isolation.

	Odds ratio	z	95% Confidence interval
Median social network score (per unit; 30 points total)	0.89**	−12.75	[0.87, 0.90]
Deviation in social network score (per unit)	0.97*	−3.48	[0.96, 0.99]
Someone close died in last year	1.22**	3.87	[1.10, 1.35]
A significant relationship became considerably worse	2.25**	8.37	[1.86, 2.72]
Somebody close had illness in last 6 months	1.14	2.46	[1.03, 1.26]
A grandchild was born in the last 6 months	1.17	2.16	[1.02, 1.36]
Been caring for a sick/disabled person	1.54**	5.58	[1.33, 1.80]
Not living alone	0.21**	−18.33	[0.18, 0.25]
3MSE score	0.98**	−6.42	[0.97, 0.98]
Health status	1.45**	5.62	[1.27, 1.65]
Male	0.46**	−9.35	[0.40, 0.55]
Education (years)	0.97*	−3.35	[0.95, 0.99]
Marital status (married)
Widowed	1.61**	4.56	[1.31, 1.98]
Divorced/separated	1.01	0.03	[0.71, 1.41]
Never married	0.74	−1.61	[0.51, 1.07]
Race (non-Black)
Black	0.88	−1.06	[0.70, 1.11]
Age	1.006	0.92	[0.99, 1.02]

Note. Based on 24,323 observations from 5,870 individuals.

3MSE = Modified Mini-Mental State Examination.

^*p < .01.

^**p < .001