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. 2016 May-Jun;79:60–71. doi: 10.1016/j.vascn.2016.01.007

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© 2016 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fig. 7 — Echocardiographic evidence for loss of contractile reserve following sustained (14-day) β-AR stimulation, revealed by subsequent acute β-AR stimulation.

(A) Representative 1-dimensional echocardiographic long-axis projections of saline-infused (Control) and ISO-infused (ISO) wild-type mice pre (left panel) and post (right panel) i.p. single bolus vehicle or DOB injection and corresponding average heart rates. Effects of acute i.p. DOB injection (DOB) in saline-infused (Control) and ISO-infused (ISO) wildtype mice on (B) LV function, as assessed by EF and FS, and (C) heart rate. Vehicle-injected mice served as control. Animal numbers per treatment n = 4; values are shown as mean ± SE, *p < 0.05 vs. corresponding vehicle, + p < 0.05 vs. corresponding control, two-way-ANOVA with Tukey's post-test.