Table 5. Comparison of relative proportions of five prominent genera in vaginal microbiota of women with AV before and after estrogen treatment.

Phylotype	Week 0	Week 4	pa
Anaerococcus	0.004 ± 0.008	0.019 ± 0.064	>0.05
Atopobium	0.048 ± 0.055	0.003 ± 0.012	<0.0001b
Gardnerella	0.417 ± 0.310	0.096 ± 0.234	<0.0001b
Lactobacillus	0.112 ± 0.164	0.710 ± 0.375	<0.0001c
Prevotella	0.060 ± 0.103	0.007 ± 0.014	<0.01b

^aStudent’s t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of differences in the relative proportions of species during short term low-dose estrogen treatment.

^bThe relative proportions of Gardnerella (p < 0.0001), Prevotella (p < 0.01), and Atopobium (p < 0.0001) in week 4 were significantly less than in week 0.

^cThe relative proportion of Lactobacillus in week 4 was significantly greater than in week 0 (p < 0.0001).