Table I.
Cell-penetrating peptide classifications and sequences.
| Study, year | Classification | Peptide | Sequences | Main trait | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Green and Loewenstein, 1988 | Cationic | Tat | GRKKRRQRRRPPQ | High positive charge | (2) |
| Frankel and Pabo, 1988 | (3) | ||||
| Joliot et al, 1991 | Antp | RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK | (4) | ||
| Ragin et al, 2002 | NLS | CGYGPKKKRKVGG | (15) | ||
| Wender et al, 2000 | 8-Arginine | RRRRRRRR | (11) | ||
| Mai et al, 2002 | 8-Lysine | KKKKKKKK | (12) | ||
| Oehlke et al, 1998 | Amphipathic | MPG | GLAFLGFLGAAGSTM | Chimeric peptides | (16) |
| GAWSQPKKKRKV | |||||
| Deshayes et al, 2004 | pVEC | LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK | (17) | ||
| Nan et al, 2011 | ARF (1–22) | MVRRFLVTL | (18) | ||
| RIRRACGPPRVRV | |||||
| Johansson et al, 2008 | BPrPp (1–28) | MVKSKIGSWILVLFV | (19) | ||
| SDVGLCKKRP | |||||
| Elliot and O'Hare, 1997 | VP22 | NAATATRGRSAASRPTQR | (5) | ||
| PRAPARSASRPRRPVQ | |||||
| Magzoub et al, 2006 | VT5 | DPKGDPKGVTVT | (20) | ||
| VTVTVTGKGDPKPD | |||||
| Eguchi and Dowdy, 2009 | (21) | ||||
| Oehlke et al, 1998 | MAP | KLALKLALK | (16) | ||
| ALKAALKLA | |||||
| Pujals and Giralt, 2008 | Hydrophobic | Transportan | GWTLNSAGYLLG | Contain only apolar residues; have a low net charge | (23) |
| KINLKALAALAKKIL | |||||
| Gao et al, 2011 | SG3 | RLSGMNEVLSFRW | (28) | ||
| Gao et al, 2002 | Pep-7 | SDLWEMMMVSLACQY | (29) | ||
| Nakayama et al, 2011 | FGF | PIEVCMYREP | (30) |