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. 2016 Apr 22;10:101. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00101

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Copyright © 2016 Reddy.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The neuroendocrine basis of catamenial seizures during menstrual cycle. The upper panel illustrates temporal occurrence of catamenial seizures and shows a strong relationship between seizure frequency and estradiol/progesterone levels. The lower panel illustrates the three types of catamenial epilepsy. The vertical pink bars (left and right) represent the likely period for the perimenstrual (C1) type, while the vertical pink bar (middle) represents the likely period for the periovulatory (C2) type. The horizontal dark gray bar (bottom) represents the inadequate luteal (C3) type, which typified by low level of progesterone and progesterone-derived neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP) (Adapted from Reddy, 2014).