Table 2.

Assessment of specific kinase inhibitors infections and prophylaxis recommendations based on available evidence.

PATHWAY TARGETED KINASE	AVAILABLE DRUGS	TYPICAL INFECTIONS REPORTED	PROPHYLAXIS RECOMMENDED*
BCR-ABL	Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib, Ponatinib, Bosutinib	HSV reactivation CMV reactivation Hepatitis Reactivation Febrile neutropenia URTI	May be considered
EGFR/ALK	Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Afatinib, Crizotenib, Ceritinib	URTI	None
BRAF/MEK	Vemurafenib, Dabrafenib, Trametinib	No specific	None
mTOR	Temsirolimus, Everolimus	VZV Reactivation HSV Reactivation Invasive Aspergillosis PcP	Aciclovir/Cotrimoxazole should be considered
Multikinase (esp. VEGF)	Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Regorafenib, Axitinib, Pazopanib	No specific	None
JAK	Ruxolitinib, Tofactinib	VZV Reactivation HSV Reactivation Invasive Aspergillosis PcP	Aciclovir/Cotrimoxazole should be considered
BCR-Pathway-Inhibitory	Ibrutinib, Idelalisib	Pneumonia, URTI	May be considered

Note:

^*Recommendation of anti-infective prophylaxis based on the data on frequency, type, and severity of infections in the current available literature, prone to change in the future.

Abbreviations: HSV, herpes simplex virus; CMV, cytomegalovirus; URTI, upper respiratory tract infection; PcP, P. jirovecii pneumonia.