Table 3.
Multivariate analysis for factors associated with severe exacerbations in mild-to-moderate COPD patients
| All patients (n=2,397)
|
||
|---|---|---|
| aOR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age, years | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | <0.001 |
| Sex, female | 1.82 (1.01–3.33) | 0.045 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 1.0 (0.93–1.07) | 0.954 |
| Smoking historya | ||
| Nonsmokerc | 1.0 | |
| Current or ex-smoker | 1.02 (0.57–1.82) | 0.961 |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.44 (0.87–2.38) | 0.157 |
| Cardiovascular diseaseb | 0.89 (0.42–1.86) | 0.752 |
| Bronchial asthma | 1.67 (1.002–2.77) | 0.049 |
| Severity of airflow limitation | ||
| FEV1, % predicted ≥80%c | 1.0 | |
| 65%≤ FEV1, % predicted <80% | 1.14 (0.70–1.85) | 0.599 |
| 50%≤ FEV1, % predicted <65% | 1.93 (1.15–3.24) | 0.013 |
| Quality of life | ||
| EQ-5D index values ≥0.9c | 1.0 | |
| EQ-5D index values <0.9 | 3.47 (2.22–5.43) | <0.001 |
| Use of inhalers | 2.34 (1.25–4.38) | 0.008 |
Notes:
a
Data of 29 patients are missed.
b
Cardiovascular disease includes stroke, myocardial infarction, and angina pectoris.
c
Subjects in this category served as the reference group.
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; EQ-5D, The EuroQoL five dimensions questionnaire; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.