TABLE 1.
Choline, betaine, and DMG at baseline and week 12 by FA treatment group in FACT participants1
| Placebo (n = 101) | FA400 (n = 152) | FA800 (n = 149) | P2 | |
| Choline | ||||
| Baseline, μmol/L | 11.3 (10.8, 11.8) | 11.5 (11.1, 11.9) | 11.4 (10.9, 11.8) | 0.89 |
| Week 12, μmol/L | 10.6 (10.1, 11.1)b | 11.8 (11.3, 12.2)a | 11.5 (11.1, 12.0)a | <0.01 |
| Change, % | −6.6 (−10.2, −2.9)b | 2.5 (−0.9, 6.1)a | 1.4 (−2.5, 5.5)a | <0.01 |
| Betaine | ||||
| Baseline, μmol/L | 42.6 (39.3, 46.2) | 43.0 (40.8, 45.4) | 41.7 (39.1, 44.5) | 0.78 |
| Week 12, μmol/L | 41.1 (38.1, 44.3)b | 49.1 (46.5, 51.8)a | 47.2 (44.2, 50.3)a | <0.01 |
| Change, % | −3.5 (−9.3, 2.6)b | 14.1 (9.4, 19.0)a | 13.0 (7.2, 19.1)a | <0.01 |
| DMG | ||||
| Baseline, μmol/L | 5.8 (5.2, 6.5) | 6.1 (5.6, 6.7) | 6.3 (5.7, 6.9) | 0.59 |
| Week 12, μmol/L | 5.1 (4.6, 5.7) | 4.5 (4.2, 4.8) | 4.5 (4.2, 4.9) | 0.08 |
| Change, % | −12.3 (−18.1, −6.2)a | −26.7 (−30.9, −22.2)b | −27.8 (−31.8, −23.4)b | <0.01 |
1
Values are geometric means (95% CIs) or percentage changes (95% CIs) in the geometric mean from baseline to week 12: % change = (geometric mean ratio − 1) × 100%. Labeled means in a row without a common superscript letter differ, P < 0.05 (adjusted for multiple comparisons). DMG, dimethylglycine; FA, folic acid; FA400, 400-μg folic acid group; FA800, 800-μg folic acid group, FACT, Folic Acid and Creatine Trial.
2
Two-sided P values were derived by using 1-factor ANOVA.