FIGURE 2.

Heatmap of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of canonical pathways. The WD induced small but significant upregulation of genes involved in immunity-modulated pathways such as interferon signaling or antigen processing and presentation. Supplementation with calcium partially reversed these changes toward baseline. The WD supplemented with vitamin D induced striking upregulation of genes involved in immune response and inflammation, extracellular matrix, and cell adhesion and cell cycle. Addition of calcium largely reversed these changes. Only the top significant pathways and categories are presented in the figure (FDR-q val < 0.005). For a full list of significantly enriched pathways and categories, please refer to Table 2 and Supplemental Table 4. FDR-q val, false discovery rate adjusted significance (q value); WD, Western-style diet.