TABLE 2.
Canonical pathways and gene ontology groups modulated by administration of the WD with or without calcium supplementation1
| FDR-q val | ↑ or ↓ | Database | |
| WD | |||
| ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_AND_PRESENTATION | 0.013 | ↑ | KEGG |
| INTERFERON_ALPHA_BETA_SIGNALING | 0.014 | ↑ | REACTOME |
| TYPE_I_DIABETES_MELLITUS | 0.023 | ↑ | KEGG |
| GRAFT_VERSUS_HOST_DISEASE | 0.052 | ↑ | KEGG |
| INTERFERON_SIGNALING | 0.064 | ↑ | REACTOME |
| NFAT_TFPATHWAY | 0.031 | ↓ | PID |
| WD + 2 g Ca/d | |||
| No category or pathway enriched at significance criteria (FDR ≤ 0.05) | |||
1
The WD was high in fat content (40% of calories) and low in vitamin D (estimated as ∼150–200 IU/d) and calcium (∼450 mg/d). To determine effects of a high calcium intake, 2 g calcium carbonate/d was added to the WD. All of the pathways upregulated are related to immune or inflammatory processes. FDR, false discovery rate; FDR-q val, false discovery rate adjusted significance (q value); WD, Western-style diet; ↑, increase; ↓, decrease.