Table 5. Multivariate analysis of recurrence-free survival among the study patients.

Variable	HR	95% CI	P value
Sex (male =0, female =1)	0.50	0.09–2.90	0.43
Tumor size	1.00	0.10–1.03	0.80
pN status	2.19	1.14–4.20	0.02
Operative procedure (lobar =0, sublobar =1)	4.74	1.12–20.06	0.03

pN, pathologic positive lymph node (N1 or N2); sublobar, wedge resection or segmentectomy; lobar, lobectomy or bilobectomy or pneumonectomy.