Figure 3.

Impact of local species extinction on the functional structure (functional richness, FRic; specialization, FSpe; and originality, FOri) of local assemblages of stream fish from the Brazilian Amazon, rainforest trees from French Guiana, and birds from the Australian Wet Tropics. For computations of functional indices, 10–90% of the species of each local assemblage were removed according to three different scenarios: lose the rarest species first (black solid line); lose the most common species first (black dashed line); and lose species randomly (grey solid line). Dots and vertical bars represent mean values and standard error at the species-removal level among all local assemblages. ‘n.s.' indicates no significant difference (p > 0.05) when comparing scenarios for a given level of species removal (see detailed results of Friedman paired test and sample sizes in the electronic supplementary material, table S2).