Table 1.

Chemokines and their putative receptors involved in mediation of febrile responses. Summary of the chemokines and the chemokine receptors among mediators involved on the mediation of febrile response. The table shows studies performed with different species, different sites of testing of chemokine receptor agonists or antagonists, if there is involvement or not of PGs, and if the agonist action on brain results in physiological consequences which can be characteristic of integrated febrile response.

Chemokine	Receptor involved	Species	Site of testing	Involvement of PGs	Physiological consequences	Contribution
CCL3	CCR1, CCR5	Rats	Lateral ventricle, AH/POA	No	Fever, HLI decrease	Refs. 17, 123
CCL4	CCCR1		AH/POA	No	Fever	Ref. 130
CCL5	CCR1, CCR5	Rats	AH/POA AH/POA	Yes Yes	HLI decrease	Refs. 80, 128
CCL22	CCR4	Mice	AH/POA	Yes	↑BAT activation ↓ respiratory exchange	Ref. 81
CXCL8	CXCR1, CXCR2	Rabitts Rats	Intravenous, i.c.v.	Yes No	Fever	Refs. 12, 132
CXCL1	CXCR2	Rats	i.c.v., AH/POA	Yes		Ref. 8
CXCL2	CXCR2	Rats	intravenous	—	Initiates LPS fever?	Ref. 14
CXCL10		Humans	Not investigated	?	↑ in periodic fever, swine fever virus, Kawasaki disease, dengue	Refs. 138, 139
CXCL12	CXCR4	Rats	Antagonist at AH/POA ↓HIV fever	?		Ref. 140
CCL2	CCR3 ? CCR4 ?		i.c.v.	—	No fever	Fig. 2, present review.

Abbreviations: AH/POA, anterior hypothalamus/pre-optic area; BAT, brown adipose tissue; HLI, heat loss index, i.c.v., intracerebroventricular; PG, prostaglandins.