Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the preterm infants.
| Demographic | n | Percent (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 15 | 51.7 |
| Female | 14 | 48.3 | |
| Race | White | 22 | 75.9 |
| African American | 5 | 17.2 | |
| Asian | 1 | 3.4 | |
| Not known | 1 | 3.4 | |
| Ethnicity | Hispanic | 9 | 31.0 |
| Non-Hispanic | 20 | 69.0 | |
| Delivery type | Vaginal | 13 | 44.8 |
| Cesarean section | 16 | 55.2 | |
| PROM | Yes | 13 | 44.8 |
| No | 16 | 55.2 | |
| Birth | Multiple birth | 12 | 41.4 |
| Single birth | 17 | 58.6 | |
| Resuscitation at birth | Yes | 18 | 62.1 |
| No | 11 | 37.9 | |
| Antibiotic Use | First 48 hours | 20 | 69.0 |
| Feeding types (by gender) | MBMA: Male | 10 | 34.5 |
| Female | 10 | 34.5 | |
| Total | 20 | 69.0 | |
| Non-MBM: Male | 5 | 17.2 | |
| Female | 4 | 13.8 | |
| Total | 9 | 31.0 | |
| Mean (SD) | Range | ||
| Gestational age (wks) | 31.3 (1.7) | 28.1–32.4 | |
| Birth weight (g) | 1459.8 (445.3) | 703–2640 | |
| Birth length (cm) | 40.0 (4.3) | 32.5–50.5 | |
| Birth head circumference (cm) | 28.1 (2.5) | 24.0–34.5 | |
| SNAPEII | 8.6 (10.5) | 0–31 | |
Note: PROM = premature rupture of membranes
AMBM = mother’s own breastmilk feeding
Non-MBM = non-mother’s own breastmilk feeding including human donor’s milk and formula feeding; SNAPEII = Neonatal Acute Physiology–Perinatal Extension-II.