In Peripheral blood (PB): The level of IGFBP-2 significantly increases in MGUS and MM patients compared to controls, while IGFBP-3 decreases. The total IGFBP level is similar between MGUS, MM patients and control samples. In Bone marrow (BM): IGFBP-2 is significanlty increased in MM patients and IGFBP-3 is decreased in MGUS and MM patients. Total IGFBPs are lower in MGUS and MM patients. Tissue distribution: Total IGF1 and -2, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and total IGFBP are distributed equally between the PB and BM in control individuals. In MGUS and MM patients, there are lower levels of IGFBP-2 and total IGFBP in the BM compared to PB. IGF1 and -2, and IGFBP-3 are equally distributed between compartments.