Table 2.
COX-1 inhibitory effect of plant species used in the Pamir Mountains to treat ailments related to pain, fever and inflammation.
| Plant species | Family | Voucher No. | Reported use | Used part | COX-1 inhibition (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total assay concentration (µg/mL) | |||||||||
| 0.05 | 0.5 | 5 | 50 | 500 | |||||
| Artemisia persica Boiss. | Asteraceae | 154 | Non-descript stomach problems, headache, applied warm to swollen body parts, applied to chest for common cold | Folium + Flos | 1 | 45 | 85 | 75 | 91 |
| Dragocephalum paulsenii Briq. | Lamiaceae | 51 | Fever | Herba | −6 | 48 | 96 | 76 | 88 |
| Elsholtzia densa Benth | Lamiaceae | 147 | Headache, joint pain, non-descript stomach problems | Herba | 0 | 13 | 41 | 98 | 100 |
| Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & Mey. | Ephedraceae | 163 | Bath for broken body-parts, poultice, swollen stomach, backache, bath for aching feet, mouthwash for toothache/periodontitis | Herba | −3 | −9 | 78 | 96 | 103 |
| Hyoscyamus pusillus L. | Solanaceae | 30 | Toothache | Semen | 54 | 36 | 115 | 87 | 104 |
| Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson | Lamiaceae | 175 | Fever, backache, decoction drunk for various unwellness | Herba | 30 | −4 | - | 98 | 105 |
| Nepeta parmiriensis Franch. | Lamiaceae | 125 | Fever | Herba | 23 | 38 | 97 | 83 | 106 |
| Primula macrophylla Don | Primulaceae | 114 | Eye pain | Dust from flowers | 3 | 7 | 42 | 101 | 108 |
| Rumex patientia subsp. pamiricus Rech | Polygonaceae | 161 | Anti-inflammatory, fever | Radix | 5 | 11 | 52 | 73 | 86 |
| Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam | Lamiaceae | 107 | Fever, headache | Herba | −25 | −22 | 49 | 27 | 67 |