Table 2.

The main morphological differences between N. cornuta, N. copelandii and N. ceciliae (data from [13,16]).

	N. cornuta	N. copelandii	N. ceciliae
Lower Pitchers
Overall form	Elongate, with a bulbous bottom third, narrowing above this part, sometimes with a faint hip, cylindrical to slightly infundibular towards the pitcher opening	Elongate, almost cylindrical, narrowing only faintly above the bottom third of the pitcher	Squat, with a bulbous bottom half, the upper half widening slightly towards the opening
Dimensions	Up to 15 cm long and 3.4 cm wide in the lower part	Up to 26 cm long and 5.5 cm wide at the peristome	Up to 10 cm long and 3 cm wide
Wings	Reduced to ridges	Present, up to 1.4 cm wide, fringes up to 12 mm long	Present, up to 4 mm wide, fringes up to 3 mm long
Peristome	Cylindrical, up to 5 mm wide	Loosely cylindrical, up to 1.2 cm wide	Flattened, up to 4 mm wide
Appendage	Reduced to a rudimentary keel	Absent or reduced to a rudimentary keel	Present, 2 mm long
Upper Pitchers
Overall form	Elongate, bottom third variably swollen, faint narrowing towards the middle, cylindrical to slightly infundibular in the upper half, the peristome being the widest part	Entirely infundibular, the peristome being the widest part, no narrowing in the middle	Infundibular bottom third, cylindrical or slightly infundibular upper part, the peristome being the widest part, no narrowing in the middle
Dimensions	Up to 20 cm long and 4.5 cm wide at the peristome	Up to 12 cm long and 4.5 cm wide at the peristome	Up to 10 cm long and 4 cm wide at the peristome
Wings	Reduced to faint ridges	Absent	Reduced to faint ridges
Appendage	Absent	Absent or reduced to a rudimentary keel	Present, 2 mm long
Habitat and Distribution
	Terrestrial on ultramafic soils on clearings or open scrub. Pantaron range.	Terrestrial or epiphytic. Mt. Apo and Mt. Pasian.	Strictly terrestrial on ultramafic soils. Currently only known from Mt. Kiamo.