Table 2.
Participants’ clinical characteristics
| Clinical data | Female, n | Male, n | % | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary symptom | ||||
| Daytime dyspnea episodes | 63 | 25 | 88 | 0.5214 |
| Morning coughing | 7 | 2 | 9 | |
| Nighttime waking due to dyspnea | 3 | 0 | 3 | |
| Acute asthma episodes | ||||
| Daily (including nocturnal episodes) | 71 | 25 | 97 | 0.1191 |
| Daily (during the day) | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 3–4 per week | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1 per week | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 per month | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 every several months | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Allergensa | ||||
| Animal dander | 23 | 7 | 30 | |
| Pollen | 26 | 10 | 36 | |
| Food | 37 | 9 | 46 | |
| Dust | 14 | 1 | 15 | |
| Allergy clinic visits | ||||
| 2 per month | 8 | 11 | 19 | 0.0024 |
| 1 per month | 24 | 3 | 27 | |
| 6 per year | 17 | 2 | 19 | |
| 3 per year | 8 | 2 | 10 | |
| Fewer | 16 | 9 | 25 | |
| Number of hospitalizations due to asthma | ||||
| 1–2 | 32 | 14 | 46 | 0.2648 |
| 3–5 | 8 | 6 | 14 | |
| 6–10 | 12 | 3 | 15 | |
| >10 | 21 | 4 | 25 | |
| Histamine test | ||||
| Negative | 17 | 10 | 27 | 0.2622 |
| Positive | 56 | 17 | 73 | |
| Comorbiditiesa | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 | 2 | 14 | 0.4573 |
| Arterial hypertension | 29 | 16 | 45 | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 6 | 11 | 17 | |
| Rheumatic disorders | 7 | 5 | 12 | |
| Other | 19 | 6 | 25 | |
| Asthma control test results | ||||
| M ± SD | 11.8±4 | 12.2±2.6 | 0.1465 | |
| Me | 11 | 12 | ||
| Min ÷ Max | 4÷22 | 5÷18 | ||
| FEV1(L) | ||||
| M ± SD | 2.51±0.57 | 2.49±0.63 | 0.9076 | |
| Me | 2.70 | 2.60 | ||
| Min ÷ Max | 0.65÷3.50 | 0.75÷3.63 | ||
| FVC (L) | ||||
| M ± SD | 3.19±0.84 | 3.17±0.47 | 0.8919 | |
| Me | 3.21 | 3.20 | ||
| Min ÷ Max | 1.01÷6.63 | 1.72÷3.70 | ||
| FEV1/FVC (−) | ||||
| M ± SD | 0.796±0.12 | 0.777±0.17 | 0.5593 | |
| Me | 0.81 | 0.78 | ||
| Min ÷ Max | 0.41÷1.17 | 0.39÷1.32 |
Notes: Data in bold indicates statistical significance.
a
Sum of percentages exceeds 100 due to possible multiple selections.
Abbreviations: M, mean; SD, standard deviation; Me, median; Min, minimum value; Max, maximum value; FEV1, forced expired volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1/FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio.