Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the cohort stratified by histology.
| Squamous cell | Adenocarcinoma | Neuroendocrine | p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | |||
| All | 101,240 | (79.5) | 24,196 | (19.0) | 1,896 | (1.5) | ||
| Year of diagnosis | <0.001 | |||||||
| 1998 | 8,567 | (8.5) | 1,752 | (7.2) | 130 | (6.9) | ||
| 1999 | 8,211 | (8.1) | 1,653 | (6.8) | 112 | (5.9) | ||
| 2000 | 8,138 | (8.0) | 1,695 | (7.0) | 126 | (6.7) | ||
| 2001 | 7,744 | (7.7) | 1,623 | (6.7) | 118 | (6.2) | ||
| 2002 | 7,440 | (7.4) | 1,626 | (6.7) | 138 | (7.3) | ||
| 2003 | 6,982 | (6.9) | 1,529 | (6.3) | 141 | (7.4) | ||
| 2004 | 6,848 | (6.8) | 1,585 | (6.6) | 118 | (6.2) | ||
| 2005 | 6,894 | (6.8) | 1,633 | (6.8) | 133 | (7.0) | ||
| 2006 | 6,864 | (6.8) | 1,732 | (7.2) | 135 | (7.1) | ||
| 2007 | 6,884 | (6.8) | 1,746 | (7.2) | 129 | (6.8) | ||
| 2008 | 6,869 | (6.8) | 1,820 | (7.5) | 162 | (8.5) | ||
| 2009 | 6,898 | (6.8) | 1,985 | (8.2) | 142 | (7.5) | ||
| 2010 | 6,513 | (6.4) | 1,922 | (7.9) | 144 | (7.6) | ||
| 2011 | 6,388 | (6.3) | 1,895 | (7.8) | 168 | (8.9) | ||
| Age | <0.001 | |||||||
| <30 | 5,410 | (5.3) | 1,291 | (5.3) | 213 | (11.2) | ||
| 30–39 | 20,677 | (20.4) | 6,055 | (25.0) | 377 | (19.9) | ||
| 40–49 | 27,069 | (26.7) | 6,926 | (28.6) | 409 | (21.6) | ||
| 50–59 | 20,850 | (20.6) | 4,343 | (18.0) | 377 | (19.9) | ||
| 60–69 | 13,961 | (13.8) | 2,754 | (11.4) | 259 | (13.7) | ||
| ≥70 | 13,273 | (13.1) | 2,827 | (11.7) | 261 | (13.8) | ||
| Race | <0.001 | |||||||
| White | 63,615 | (62.8) | 17,992 | (74.4) | 1,296 | (68.4) | ||
| Black | 18,444 | (18.2) | 2,124 | (8.8) | 293 | (15.5) | ||
| Hispanic | 13,237 | (13.1) | 2,601 | (10.8) | 195 | (10.3) | ||
| Other | 4,642 | (4.6) | 1,141 | (4.7) | 102 | (5.4) | ||
| Unknown | 1,302 | (1.3) | 338 | (1.4) | 10 | (0.5) | ||
| Insurance status | <0.001 | |||||||
| Commercial | 45,845 | (45.3) | 15,057 | (62.2) | 1,006 | (53.1) | ||
| Medicare | 18,452 | (18.2) | 3,746 | (15.5) | 366 | (19.3) | ||
| Medicaid | 19,791 | (19.6) | 2,598 | (10.7) | 270 | (14.2) | ||
| Uninsured | 10,978 | (10.8) | 1,542 | (6.4) | 152 | (8.0) | ||
| Other | 1,001 | (1.0) | 241 | (1.0) | 11 | (0.6) | ||
| Unknown | 5,173 | (5.1) | 1,012 | (4.2) | 91 | (4.8) | ||
| Region | <0.001 | |||||||
| Northeast | 18,606 | (18.4) | 4,624 | (19.1) | 361 | (19.0) | ||
| Midwest | 22,946 | (22.7) | 5,644 | (23.3) | 391 | (20.6) | ||
| South | 42,071 | (41.6) | 9,105 | (37.6) | 758 | (40.0) | ||
| West | 17,617 | (17.4) | 4,823 | (19.9) | 386 | (20.4) | ||
| Location | <0.001 | |||||||
| Metropolitan | 77,896 | (76.9) | 18,882 | (78.0) | 1,512 | (79.8) | ||
| Urban | 15,965 | (15.8) | 3,439 | (14.2) | 265 | (14.0) | ||
| Rural | 1,924 | (1.9) | 384 | (1.6) | 35 | (1.9) | ||
| Unknown | 5,455 | (5.4) | 1,491 | (6.2) | 84 | (4.4) | ||
| Hospital type | <0.001 | |||||||
| Community cancer program | 8,222 | (8.1) | 1,582 | (6.5) | 108 | (5.7) | ||
| Comprehensive community cancer program | 46,489 | (45.9) | 11,890 | (49.1) | 901 | (47.5) | ||
| Academic | 43,997 | (43.5) | 10,170 | (42.0) | 856 | (45.2) | ||
| Other | 2,532 | (2.5) | 554 | (2.3) | 31 | (1.6) | ||
| Stage | <0.001 | |||||||
| IA (IA, IA1, IA2) | 15,408 | (15.2) | 4,185 | (17.3) | 49 | (2.6) | ||
| IB (IB, IB1, IB2, INOS) | 29,461 | (29.1) | 10,592 | (43.8) | 519 | (27.4) | ||
| IIA (IIA, IIA1, IIA2) | 929 | (0.9) | 245 | (1.0) | 14 | (0.7) | ||
| IIB (IIB, IINOS) | 18,146 | (17.9) | 2,500 | (10.3) | 187 | (9.9) | ||
| IIIA | 1,531 | (1.5) | 236 | (1.0) | 24 | (1.3) | ||
| IIIB | 18,938 | (18.7) | 2,248 | (9.3) | 380 | (20.0) | ||
| IVA | 2,924 | (2.9) | 337 | (1.4) | 55 | (2.9) | ||
| IVB | 6,017 | (5.9) | 1,424 | (5.9) | 447 | (23.6) | ||
| IVNOS | 1,042 | (1.0) | 274 | (1.1) | 64 | (3.4) | ||
| Unknown | 6,844 | (6.8) | 2,155 | (8.9) | 157 | (8.3) | ||
| Primary treatment | <0.001 | |||||||
| Surgery | 48,855 | (48.3) | 16,462 | (68.0) | 716 | (37.8) | ||
| Radiation | 36,404 | (36.0) | 4,949 | (20.5) | 710 | (37.5) | ||
| No surgery or radiation | 6,528 | (6.5) | 1,493 | (6.2) | 347 | (18.3) | ||
| Unknown | 9,453 | (9.3) | 1,292 | (5.3) | 123 | (6.5) | ||