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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2016 Mar 29;40(5):1100–1110. doi: 10.1111/acer.13044

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Free parameters from the exponential demand equation used to quantify the operant alcohol self-administration. A) Mean (±SEM) α values representing the elasticity of demand, the rate of change in the number of reinforcers earned with increases in cost (FR). B) The intensity of demand, reinforcers that would be earned at no cost, described by mean (±SEM) Q0 values. *, **, and *** correspond to p<.05, p<.01, and p<.001 using Fischer’s LSD test.