Table 4.

Mediation of effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on prospective memory by IQ, executive function, and retrospective memory

	Prenatal alcohol exposure			Mediator variable
	N	r1	ß1	r2	ß2	Sobel z
Mediator
WISC-IV IQ	89	−.34**	−.20†	.44***	.36**	−2.72**
Executive function
Verbal fluency	84	−.29**	−.24*	.24*	.17	−1.35
Cognitive flexibility	88	−.31**	−.26*	−.27**	−.21*	−1.52
Self-monitoring and planning	89	−.34**	−.34**	−.07	−.08	0.31
Retrospective memory	82	−.27**	−.22*	.27**	.22*	−1.43

Note. WISC-IV = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Fourth Edition. Each row summarizes results from a multiple regression analysis examining the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure and the indicated mediator variable on prospective memory (PM) performance. r₁ indicates the unadjusted correlation between prenatal alcohol exposure and PM performance and ß₁ indicates the standardized beta value for prenatal alcohol exposure when the mediator variable is entered into the regression model; whereas r₂ indicates the unadjusted correlation between the mediator variable and PM performance and ß₂ indicates the standardized beta value for the mediator variable when prenatal alcohol exposure is entered into the regression model.

^†p < .10;

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001.