Fig. 1.

Ginsenoside Rd significantly reduces renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced increase in (A) serum creatinine (Scr) and (B) blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The levels of Scr and BUN in the surgery group compared to sham group were markedly high on Day 1 and Day 3. Group IRI+50, IRI+100 significantly reduced Scr and BUN level on Day 3 compared to the sham group, while group IRI+vehicle and IRI+10 did not display differences. IRI+10: administration of 10 mg/kg ginsenoside Rd combined with renal IRI surgery. Other groups ibid. (n = 8–10 mice/group, values represent mean ± standard deviation in the histograms. *p < 0.05 vs. vehicle.)