Fig. 6.

Ginsenoside Rd modulates M1 macrophages morphology in vitro. (A) Nonpolarized macrophages have various types of shape (Control, Control†). After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-γ stimulation (all rest images), macrophages presented pancake-like shape (Vehicle, Vehicle†). 10: 10 μg/mL GSRd, Other groups ibid. Original magnification: 100×, †: 200×; (B) Percentage of pancake-like macrophages in all cultured cells. (n = 8/group, values represent mean ± standard deviation in the histograms, *p < 0.05 vs. vehicle, **p < 0.01 vs. vehicle, ***p < 0.001 vs. vehicle.)