Table 5.

Subgroup and Meta–Regression Analyses for Non–HDL‐C Concentrations

Subgroup Factors	Non‐HDL‐C
	No. of Trials	Pooled Effect (95% CI) mmol/L	I2 (%)	P Valuea	P Valueb
Overall analyses	8	−0.30 (−0.50 to −0.10)	54.8	0.03
Overall analysesc	8	−0.25 (−0.37 to −0.13)	54.8	0.03
Continent					0.35
Oceania	1	−0.52 (−0.99 to −0.05)	—	—
Europe	3	−0.46 (−1.05 to 0.14)	82.4	0.003
North America	4	−0.18 (−0.33 to −0.03)	0	0.68
Age, y					0.83
<50	4	−0.26 (−0.44 to −0.08)	9.8	0.34
≥50	4	−0.27 (−0.66 to 0.12)	75.3	0.01
BMI, kg/m2					0.01
18.5 to 25	1	−0.78 (−1.13 to −0.43)	—	—
25 to 30	3	−0.42 (−0.69 to −0.15)	0	0.74
≥30	4	−0.12 (−0.26 to 0.02)	0	0.79
Health status					0.32
Healthy	1	−0.34 (−0.69 to 0.01)	—	—
High CVD risk	4	−0.11 (−0.26 to 0.03)	0	0.84
Lipid‐lowering medication					0.08
Some	3	−0.09 (−0.29 to 0.11)	0	0.69
None	3	−0.55 (−0.83 to −0.28)	35.5	0.21
Intervention					0.47
Lactovegetarian	1	−0.05 (−0.31 to 0.21)	—	—
Lacto‐ovovegetarian	1	−0.52 (−0.99 to −0.05)	—	—
Vegan	6	−0.33 (−0.58 to −0.08)	57.4	0.04
Duration, months					0.72
<3	5	−0.24 (−0.47 to −0.01)	21.4	0.28
≥3	3	−0.35 (−0.74 to 0.03)	80.3	0.01
Design					0.56
Crossover	2	−0.40 (−0.68 to −0.12)	0	0.55
Parallel	6	−0.26 (−0.52 to −0.01)	63.6	0.02
Analysis					0.02
PP	5	−0.51 (−0.77 to −0.25)	25.7	0.25
ITT	3	−0.12 (−0.26 to 0.02)	0	0.79
Publication year					0.70
Before 2000	3	−0.42 (−0.81 to −0.03)	0	0.38
2000 or later	5	−0.28 (−0.51 to −0.05)	68.5	0.01

BMI indicates body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; ITT, intention to treat; PP, per protocol.

^a P for heterogeneity.

^b P for meta–regression analysis.

^cResults from fixed‐effect analysis.