Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics
| Na | Nonskiers N=4881 | Skiers N=1083 | P Valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 5964 | 4062 (83.2) | 888 (82.0 | 0.331 |
| Age | 5964 | 64.0 (24.0 to 99.0) | 64.0 (25.0 to 96.0) | 0.202 |
| Smokers | 4689 | 1066 (27.8) | 61 (7.2) | <0.00111 |
| Education level | 5911 | <0.0011 | ||
| Primary school | 1962 (40.6) | 249 (23.0) | ||
| High school | 2019 (41.8) | 429 (39.7) | ||
| University | 849 (17.6) | 403 (37.3) | ||
| Occupation level | 5962 | <0.0011 | ||
| Unemployed | 1102 (22.6) | 102 (9.4) | ||
| Employed | 2209 (45.3) | 591 (54.6) | ||
| Retired | 1568 (32.1) | 390 (36.0) | ||
| Family status: single | 6964 | 2033 (41.7) | 325 (30.0) | <0.0011 |
| Living alone | 5912 | 1522 (31.4) | 228 (21.3) | <0.0011 |
| Mobility without assistance | 5930 | 4705 (97.0) | 1057 (98.1) | 0.0921 |
| Dressing: need help | 5922 | 125 (2.6) | 137 (2.3) | 0.0041 |
| Level of consciousness | 5903 | 0.211 | ||
| RLS 1 | 4218 (87.2) | 952 (89.3) | ||
| RLS 2 to 3 | 383 (7.9) | 68 (6.4) | ||
| RLS 4 to 8 | 150 (3.1) | 26 (2.4) | ||
| Charlson index: 1+ | 5964 | 1477 (30.3) | 267 (24.7) | <0.0011 |
| Atrial fibrillationc | 5658 | 679 (14.7) | 212 (20.4) | <0.00111 |
| Race time p% | ||||
| 100 to 150; m age 63 (33 to 92) | 22 (20.2) | |||
| 151 to 200; m age 65 (30 to 93) | 88 (24.9) | |||
| >200; m age 63 (25 to 96) | 65 (15.2) | |||
| Diabetesc | 5274 | 947 (21.9) | 63 (6.7) | <0.00111 |
| Hypertensionc | 5357 | 3633 (60.0) | 446 (45.9) | <0.00111 |
| Admission treatments | ||||
| Aspirin | 5117 | 1014 (24.2) | 203 (21.8) | 0.1111 |
| Clopidogrel | 4219 | 72 (2.1) | 12 (1.5) | 0.2811 |
| Aspirin+clopidogrel | 4222 | 31 (0.9) | 6 (0.8) | 0.6811 |
| Dipyridamole | 4221 | 35 (1.0) | 13 (1.6) | 0.1411 |
| Warfarin | 5113 | 171 (4.1) | 34 (3.7) | 0.5411 |
| Calcium antagonists | 4205 | 467 (13.7) | 68 (8.6) | <0.00111 |
| ACE‐inhibitors | 2844 | 427 (18.5) | 84 (18.8) | 0.1511 |
| Angiotensin II‐blockers | 2843 | 232 (10.0) | 37 (7.0) | 0.02811 |
| Diuretics | 4206 | 533 (15.6) | 72 (9.1) | <0.0011 |
| Statins | 4206 | 676 (19.8) | 119 (15.0) | 0.00211 |
Numbers represent frequencies with percentages in parentheses (age represents the median and range). Note that the denominator is different between variables due to partial missing of data. ACE indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme; m age, median age and range in parentheses; Nonskiers, population‐based controls with the same age, sex, and same county of residence; Race time p%, race time as a percentage of the winner's time; RLS, reaction‐level scale; Skiers, the participants in the Vasaloppet.
a
Number of nonmissing observations.
b
Pearson χ2 test1 or Wilcoxon‐Mann–Whitney test2.
c
Information from the Swedish Stroke Register and from Swedish National Patient Register (NPR).