Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Patients (n=322) | Controls (n=231) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blood sample | 322 | 231 | |
| Fecal sample | 141 | 94 | |
| Male, n (%) | 220 (68.3) | 130 (56.3) | 0.004 |
| Age, y | 61 (19) | 56 (11) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.62 (3.90) | 25.16 (4.25) | <0.001 |
| Stroke (LAA) | 297 | NA | |
| TIA | 25 | NA | |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 125 (38.8) | 20 (8.66) | <0.001 |
| History of CAD, n (%) | 26 (8.1) | NA | |
| History of HBP, n (%) | 246 (76.4) | 40 (17.3) | <0.001 |
| History of HLP, n (%) | 145 (45.0) | NA | |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.64 (1.64) | 5.20 (1.20) | <0.001 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 0.95 (0.31) | 1.14 (0.33) | <0.001 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 2.91 (1.28) | 3.30 (0.94) | <0.001 |
| VLDL, mmol/L | 0.66 (0.43) | 0.68 (0.43) | 0.134 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.30 (0.96) | 1.45 (1.04) | 0.510 |
| GLU, mmol/L | 5.62 (2.30) | 4.89 (0.93) | <0.001 |
| WBC, G/L | 7.89 (3.37) | 6.37 (2.12) | <0.001 |
| Cr, μmol/L | 78 (34) | 67 (20) | <0.001 |
| UA, μmol/L | 346 (121) | 365 (118) | 0.19 |
| TMAO, μmol/L | 2.70 (3.47) | 1.91 (1.99) | <0.001 |
Data represent median (interquartile range) unless otherwise indicated. BMI indicates body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; Cr, creatinine; GLU, glucose; HBP, high blood pressure; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; HLP, hyperlipidemia; LAA, large‐artery atherosclerosis; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; NA, not applicable due to selection criteria; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TMAO, trimethylamine N‐oxide; UA, uric acid; VLDL, very low‐density lipoprotein; WBC, white blood cell count.