Table 1.
Characteristics of FMD Studies of Non‐CVD Subjects
| Study | Description of Study Subjects | Agea, y | Male | Follow‐upa | No. Event | No. Population | Annual Event Rate | End Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yeboah, 200714 | Elderly | 79 | 42% | 60 mo | 674 | 2791 | 4.8% | CV death, MI, coronary revascularization, stroke, CHF, PAD |
| Muiesan, 200815 | Hypertension | 56 | 59% | 95 mo | 32 | 172 | 2.4% | Sudden death, MI, UA, angina, coronary revascularization, arrhythmia, stroke, TIA, CHF, PAD |
| Rossi, 200816 | Postmenopausal women | 54 | 0% | 45 mo | 90 | 2264 | 1.1% | Cardiac death, MI, coronary revascularization, stroke, TIA |
| Suzuki, 200817 | General population | 67 | 43% | 81 mo | 84 | 819 | 1.5% | Vascular death, MI, stroke |
| Morimoto, 200918 | CKD with hemodialysis | 61 | 56% | 43 mo | 14 | 199 | 2.0% | CV death |
| Yeboah, 200919 | General population | 61 | 49% | 60 mo | 182 | 3025 | 1.2% | CV death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, MI, UA, angina, coronary revascularization, stroke |
| Akishita, 201020 | Men with CV risk factors | 48 | 100% | 77 mo | 20 | 171 | 1.8% | Cardiac death, CAD, stroke, PAD |
| Anderson, 201121 | Male firefighter | 49 | 100% | 86 mo | 71 | 1574 | 0.6% | CV death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, MI, coronary/carotid/peripheral artery revascularization, vascular disease, stroke, TIA |
| Lind, 201122 | General population of 70 y of age | 70 | 47% | 62 mo | 101 | 921 | 2.1% | All‐cause death, MI, stroke |
| Yilmaz, 201123 | CKD without dialysis | 46 | 52% | 41 mo | 89 | 304 | 8.6% | CV death, MI, stroke, PAD |
| Nagai, 201324 | Elderly | 71 | 42% | 41 mo | 42 | 274 | 4.5% | MI, UA, angina, stroke, TIA, CHF, renal failure, aortic disease, PAD |
| Shechter, 201425 | Healthy subjects | 54 | 63% | 55 mo | 48 | 618 | 1.7% | All‐cause death, MI, angina, coronary revascularization, stroke, CHF |
| Lee, 201426 | CKD with peritoneal dialysis | 50 | 48% | 42 mo | 25 | 143 | 4.9% | Fatal and nonfatal ACS, angina requiring coronary revascularization, stroke, TIA, CHF |
ACS indicates acute coronary syndrome; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CV, cardiovascular; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FMD, flow‐mediated dilation; MI, myocardial infarction; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; TIA, transient cerebral ischemic attack; UA, unstable angina pectoris.
a
Either mean or median as reported.