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. 2015 Dec 23;4(12):e002481. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002481

Figure 4.

Figure 4

SSPN‐null mice have a blunted response to β‐adrenergic stimulation. Relative changes in gene expression changes of β‐adrenergic receptors (β1, β2, and β3) upon isoproterenol challenge were assessed by qRT‐PCR in cardiac muscle obtained from untreated (Untr) and isoproterenol‐treated (Iso) 12‐month‐old WT and SSPN‐null (SSPN −/−) mice. A, Relative gene expression values of the ADRB1 gene encoding (β‐AR 1). (B) Relative gene expression values for the ADRB2 gene encoding (β‐ΑR 2). (C) Relative gene expression values for the ADRB3 gene encoding (β‐AR 3) receptors in untreated (Untr) and isoproterenol‐treated (Iso) WT and SSPN −/− hearts. Data were normalized to mL32 (a ribosomal protein) as an internal control and are presented as an average. All mice were 12 months of age. Data are presented as an average from WT and SSPN‐null (SSPN −/−) mice, either saline (Sal) (n=6) or isoproterenol‐treated (Iso) (n=6) and error bars represent SEM. The Kruskal–Wallis test was applied since data did not meet assumptions of normality and *P‐values <0.05 were considered significant. For (A) *P=0.044 SSPN −/− (Iso) vs WT (Sal), P=0.081 SSPN −/− (Iso) vs SSPN −/− (Sal), P=0.177 WT (Iso) vs WT (Sal); (B) *P=0.005 SSPN −/− (Iso) vs SSPN −/− (Sal), **P=0.020 SSPN −/− (Iso) vs WT (Sal), P=0.091 WT (Iso) vs WT (Sal) and (C) *P=0.014 SSPN −/− (Iso) vs SSPN −/− (Sal), **P=0.018 SSPN −/− (Iso) vs WT (Sal), # P=0.049 WT (Iso) vs SSPN −/− (Sal), P=0.064 WT (Iso) vs WT (Sal). qRT‐PCR indicates quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction; SSPN sarcospan; WT, wild‐type.