Table 1.

Characteristics of patients initiating ART, by sex, at six Ethiopian clinics (June 2012 to April 2013)

	Total
	Sample		Men		Women
	n	%	n	%	n	%	pa
Total	1180	100.0	458	38.8	722	61.2	–
Sex
Male	458	38.8	–	–	–	–	–
Female, not pregnant	669	56.7	–	–	–	–
Female, pregnant	53	4.5	–	–	–	–
Age
Median (IQR)	34 (28 to 40)		37 (32 to 43)		30 (26 to 38)		<0.001
18 to 29	374	31.7	78	17.0	296	41.0	<0.001
30 to 39	482	40.8	205	44.8	277	38.4
40 to 49	238	20.2	131	28.6	107	14.8
50 +	86	7.3	44	9.6	42	5.8
Religion
Ethiopian Orthodox	825	69.9	323	70.5	502	69.5	0.549
Protestant	239	20.3	85	18.6	154	21.3
Muslim	108	9.2	47	10.3	61	8.4
Other Christian	8	0.7	3	0.7	5	0.7
Highest education level
No school	374	31.7	92	20.1	282	39.1	<0.001
Primary school or vocational/other	484	41.0	206	45.0	278	38.5
Secondary school	239	20.3	111	24.2	128	17.7
University	83	7.0	49	10.7	34	4.7
Area of residence
Urban area	920	78.0	335	73.1	585	81.0	0.002
Rural area	259	21.9	122	26.6	137	19.0
Unknown	1	0.1	1	0.2	0	0.0
Relationship status
In a relationship	673	57.0	309	67.5	364	50.4	<0.001
Not in a relationship	507	43.0	149	32.5	358	49.6
Ever widowed
Yes	293	24.8	75	16.4	218	30.2	<0.001
No	874	74.1	377	82.3	497	68.8
Unknown	13	1.1	6	1.3	7	1.0
Original diagnosis unit
PITC	647	54.8	245	53.5	402	55.7	0.763
VCT	513	43.5	205	44.8	308	42.6
Unknown	20	1.7	8	1.7	12	1.7
Site
Ambo Hospital	241	20.4	109	23.8	132	18.3	0.027
Bishoftu Hospital	309	26.2	133	29.0	176	24.4
Fitche Hospital	166	14.1	53	11.6	113	15.7
Goba Hospital	129	10.9	45	9.8	84	11.6
Nekemte Hospital	194	16.4	70	15.3	124	17.2
Shashemene Hospital	141	11.9	48	10.5	93	12.9

ART, antiretroviral therapy; IQR, interquartile range; PITC, provider-initiated testing and counselling; VCT, voluntary counselling and testing

^achi-squared test for categorical variables, Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables.