Table 1.

Ex Vivo Organotypic Models Used in Ocular Testing

Name	Test method indicator	Testing objective	Validation status	Limitations	References
Bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP)	Increase in corneal thickness, permeability, and opacity	Ocular sensitivity and corrosion	EVCAM statement of scientific validity for identification of severe irritants and ocular corrosives	Not as sensitive in distinguishing between mild irritants with the standard protocol	22,34
Isolated chicken eye (ICE)	Increase in corneal thickness, permeability, and opacity	Ocular sensitivity and corrosion	EVCAM statement of scientific validity for identification of severe irritants and ocular corrosives	Possible limitation for solids	22,34
Isolated rabbit eye (IRE)	Increase in corneal thickness, and opacity	Ocular sensitivity and corrosion	Further review is recommended	Possible limitation for solids	22,34

EVCAM, European Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods.