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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 26.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Chem Soc. 2015 Apr 22;137(17):5741–5747. doi: 10.1021/ja513117p

Figure 2.

Figure 2

1 and 3 induce extensive DNA damage in K562 cells. A. Overview of the alkaline comet unwinding assay. Undamaged, supercoiled DNA does not migrate to an appreciable extent when subjected to electrophoresis (left). Nicking and cleavage of DNA results in relaxation and migration toward the anode, generating the characteristic “tail” of the comet (center and right). The level of DNA damage is presented as %DNA in the comet tail, which is equal to the total comet tail intensity divided by the total comet intensity, multiplied by 100. K562 cells were exposed to 0.5, 5, or 50 nM 1 (B) or 0.1, 1, 5, or 10 μM 3 (C). Exposure was 15 min. Cross denotes mean %DNA in tail (91–151 cells), box denotes 2nd and 3rd quartiles, and lines in the middle of the box denote the median. Error bars represent 10th and 90th percentile, and values individually plotted are outliers.