Table 2.
Univariable Analysis of Clinical, Radiological, and Laboratory Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality and Hematoma Expansion
| Variable | In-Hospital Mortality Cohort | Hematoma Expansion Cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Mortality (n = 61) | Mortality (n = 67) | P Value | No Hematoma Expansion (n = 60) | Hematoma Expansion (n = 22) | P Value | |
| Age, median (range), y | 74 (23–99) | 75 (42–94) | .87 | 75 (23–94) | 66 (36–85) | .05 |
| Male sex, No. (%) | 27 (44.3) | 36 (53.7) | .28 | 30 (50.0) | 7 (31.8) | .07 |
| Black race/ethnicity, No. (%) | 17 (27.9) | 21 (31.3) | .51 | 18 (30.0) | 6 (27.2) | .98 |
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 47 (77.0) | 59 (88.1) | .11 | 46 (76.7) | 19 (86.4) | .54 |
| Diabetes mellitus, No. (%) | 15 (24.6) | 23 (34.3) | .25 | 15 (25.0) | 7 (31.8) | .58 |
| Hyperlipidemia, No. (%) | 30 (49.1) | 38 (56.7) | .48 | 33 (55.0) | 11 (50.0) | .80 |
| Prior stroke, No. (%) | 16 (26.2) | 23 (34.3) | .34 | 16 (26.7) | 7 (31.8) | .78 |
| Warfarin sodium use, No. (%) | 1 (1.6) | 4 (5.9) | .18 | 1 (1.7) | 2 (9.1) | .16 |
| ASPECTS score, median (range) | 10 (6–10) | 10 (5–10) | .67 | 10 (5–10) | 10 (5–10) | .57 |
| Neurointerventional procedure, No. (%) | 4 (6.6) | 14 (20.9) | .01 | 8 (13.3) | 4 (18.2) | .23 |
| Type of treatment, No. (%) | ||||||
| Vitamin K | 3 (4.9) | 4 (5.9) | .29 | 3 (5.0) | 2 (9.1) | .29 |
| Cryoprecipitate | 22 (36.1) | 18 (26.9) | .26 | 17 (28.3) | 10 (45.4) | .07 |
| Aminocaproic acid | 2 (3.3) | 0 | .23 | 2 (3.3) | 0 | .53 |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 11 (18.0) | 15 (22.4) | .54 | 11 (18.3) | 6 (27.3) | .16 |
| Prothrombin complex concentrate | 1 (1.6) | 2 (2.9) | .40 | 3 (5.0) | 0 | .39 |
| Recombinant factor VIIa | 1 (1.6) | 2 (2.9) | .40 | 2 (3.3) | 1 (4.6) | .44 |
| Platelet transfusion | 20 (32.8) | 17 (25.4) | .36 | 13 (21.7) | 11 (50.0) | .01 |
| Surgical decompressive craniotomy or hematoma evacuation | 11 (18.6) | 7 (10.9) | .10 | 6 (10.0) | 4 (18.2) | .17 |
| Any treatment | 29 (47.5) | 20 (29.9) | .11 | 30 (50.0) | 13 (59.1) | .47 |
| Code status change to comfort measures in the first 24 h, No. (%) | 7 (11.5) | 30 (44.8) | <.001 | 13 (21.7) | 4 (18.2) | .23 |
| NIHSS score, median (range) | 14 (0–28) | 15 (0–33) | .17 | 14 (3–33) | 14 (1–28) | .43 |
| Hematoma volume, median (range), mL | 16 (1–166) | 28.5 (1–245) | .02 | 23 (1–150) | 26 (1–245) | .87 |
| Fibrinogen level <150 mg/dL, No. (%) | 11 (21.1) | 17 (34.0) | .35 | 15 (25.0) | 8 (36.4) | .01 |
| Time from initiation of rtPA therapy to sICH diagnosis, median (range), min | 563 (40–2166) | 420 (30–2572) | .21 | 720 (30–2572) | 395 (38–1482) | .10 |
| Time from sICH diagnosis to treatment of sICH, median (range), min | 97 (12–419) | 120 (30–628) | .80 | 120 (42–419) | 90 (12–354) | .16 |
Abbreviations: ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT [Computed Tomographic] Score; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; rtPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; sICH, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage.
SI conversion factor: To convert fibrinogen level to micromoles per liter, multiply by 0.0294.