Table 2. Detection of enteric pathogens stratified by stool specimen collection criteria, Kenya.
| Uncomplicated diarrheaa | Complicated diarrheab | Dysenteryc | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 483) | (n = 101) | (n = 274) | |
| Single infection, no. (%) | |||
| NoV | 102 (21) | 23 (23) | 31 (11) |
| SaV | 9 (2) | 4 (4) | 7 (3) |
| HAstV | 12 (2) | 6 (6) | 4 (1) |
| RV | 20 (4) | 4 (4) | 5 (2) |
| Bacteria | 71 (15) | 11 (11) | 76 (28) |
| Coinfection, no. (%) | |||
| NoV + RV | 6 (1) | 5 (5) | 1 (0) |
| NoV + Bacteria | 25 (5) | 2 (2) | 24 (9) |
| NoV + RV + Bacteria | 3 (1) | 2 (2) | 4 (1) |
| NoV + SaV | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| NoV + SaV + RV | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) |
| NoV + SaV + Bacteria | 1 (0) | 1 (1) | 1 (0) |
| NoV + SaV + HAstV | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 1 (0) |
| NoV + HAstV | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) |
| NoV + HAstV + RV | 2 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) |
| NoV + HAstV + Bacteria | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0) |
| SaV + HAstV | 3 (1) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) |
| SaV + RV | 2 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| SaV + Bacteria | 2 (0) | 0 (0) | 5 (2) |
| HAstV + RV | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| HAstV + Bacteria | 4 (1) | 1 (1) | 5 (2) |
| RV + Bacteria | 6 (1) | 3 (3) | 9 (3) |
| No pathogens detected, no. (%) | 209 (43) | 33 (33) | 100 (36) |
NoV: norovirus; SaV: sapovirus; HAstV: astrovirus; RV: rotavirus.
There were 19 specimens that lacked bacteria and/or rotavirus testing, and they are included in the table as bacteria negative and/or rotavirus negative.
Data from two study sites are combined in this table.
a Uncomplicated diarrhea is defined as three or more loose stools within a 24-hour period, without signs or symptoms of dehydration or dysentery.
b Complicated diarrhea is diarrhea with dehydration, which was defined as drinking eagerly, being unable to drink or breastfeed, emesis, slow capillary refill (two seconds or more), irritability, sunken eyes, lethargy or unconsciousness.
c Dysentery is defined as reported or visible blood in one or more stool within 24 hours of clinic visit.