Table 1.
Vitamin D suppresses the growth of ovarian tumor implanted by DMBA in vivo
| Group | N | Deaths | Incidence (%) | Weight of ovary including tumor (g) | CA125 (U/mL)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | Ascites | |||||
| Negative control | 12 | 0 | 0/24 (0) | 0.0126±0.0014 | 0.750±0.013 | None |
| VD control | 12 | 0 | 0/24 (0) | 0.0121±0.0009 | 0.915±0.021 | None |
| DMBA-induced model | 12 | 3 | 14/18 (77.8) | 0.301±0.0121* | 4.751±0.075* | 5.87±0.091* |
| 4-week VD (initiation) | 12 | 3 | 10/18 (55.6) | 0.216±0.0045* | 3.326±0.063* | 4.75±0.073* |
| 8-week VD (promotion) | 12 | 2 | 10/20 (50.0) | 0.237±0.0076* | 3.014±0.087* | 4.26±0.069* |
| 20-week VD (initiation + promotion) | 12 | 1 | 6/22 (27.3) | 0.127±0.0018* | 2.160±0.045* | 3.49±0.058* |
Note:
*
Compared with DMBA-induced model group, P<0.05. N = number of mice. The incidence of ovarian cancer is ovaries with tumors/ovaries with DMBA.
Abbreviations: DMBA, 7, 12-dimethylbenz [a] anthracene; VD, vitamin D3.