Table 2.
Summary of statistical findings comparing caries presence AZ, caries sensitivity/specificity, depth observation weighted kappa correlation, cavitation sensitivity/specificity and intraobserver agreement
Data set, modality | Diagnostic measure | Test effect | p-value | Pairwise comparison | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AZ scoresa | Mean AZ ± 95% CI | ||||
PSP | 0.820 ± 0.037 | ||||
Schick33 | 0.780 ± 0.032 | ||||
PanBW | 0.791 ± 0.035 | ||||
XG3D | 0.828 ± 0.020 | ||||
Observer | 0.15 | N/A | N/A | ||
Modality | 0.10 | N/A | N/A | ||
Caries sensitivityb | Mean sensitivity ± 95% CI | ||||
PSP | 0.57 ± 0.07 | ||||
Schick33 | 0.48 ± 0.09 | ||||
PanBW | 0.53 ± 0.08 | ||||
XG3D | 0.62 ± 0.07 | ||||
Observer | <0.0001c | ||||
Modality | 0.0002c | ||||
PSP vs PanBW | 0.23 | ||||
PSP vs Schick33 | 0.0018c | ||||
PSP vs XG3D | 0.10 | ||||
PanBW vs Schick33 | 0.033 | ||||
PanBW vs XG3D | 0.0071c | ||||
Schick33 vs XG3D | <0.0001c | ||||
Schick33 vs XG3D | 0.73 | ||||
Caries specificitya | Mean specificity ± 95% CI | ||||
PSP | 0.90 ± 0.08 | ||||
Schick33 | 0.96 ± 0.04 | ||||
PanBW | 0.86 ± 0.09 | ||||
XG3D | 0.97 ± 0.02 | ||||
Observer | 0.0005c | ||||
Modality | 0.0016c | ||||
PSP vs PanBW | 0.10 | ||||
PSP vs Shick33 | 0.034 | ||||
PSP vs XG3D | 0.07 | ||||
PanBW vs Schick33 | 0.0005c | ||||
PanBW vs XG3D | 0.0013c | ||||
Lesion depth correlation with micro-CT (kappa)d | Median kappa (IQR) | ||||
PSP | 0.40 (0.30, 0.53) | ||||
Schick33 | 0.43 (0.40, 0.50) | ||||
PanBW | 0.27 (0.23, 0.38) | ||||
XG3D | 0.63 (0.44, 0.72) | ||||
Modality | 0.003c | ||||
PSP vs PanBW | 0.62 | ||||
PSP vs Shick33 | 1.00 | ||||
PSP vs XG3D | 0.15 | ||||
PanBW vs Schick33 | 0.32 | ||||
PanBW vs XG3D | 0.002c | ||||
Schick33 vs XG3D | 0.30 | ||||
Cavitation sensitivitye | Mean sensitivity ± 95% CI | ||||
PSP | 0.57 ± 0.14 | ||||
Schick33 | 0.48 ± 0.10 | ||||
PanBW | 0.53 ± 0.11 | ||||
XG3D | 0.62 ± 0.06 | ||||
Observer | 0.0063c | ||||
Modality | <0.0001c | ||||
PSP vs PanBW | 0.043 | ||||
PSP vs Schick33 | 0.16 | ||||
PSP vs XG3D | 0.0011c | ||||
PanBW vs Schick33 | 0.50 | ||||
PanBW vs XG3D | <0.0001c | ||||
Schick33 vs XG3D | <0.0001c | ||||
Cavitation specificitye | Mean specificity ± 95% CI | ||||
PSP | 0.90 ± 0.01 | ||||
Schick33 | 0.96 ± 0.01 | ||||
PanBW | 0.86 ± 0.01 | ||||
XG3D | 0.97 ± 0.02 | ||||
Observer | 0.18 | ||||
Modality | 0.0025c | ||||
PSP vs PanBW | 0.14 | ||||
PSP vs Schick33 | 0.78 | ||||
PSP vs XG3D | 0.0015c | ||||
PanBW vs Schick33 | 0.077 | ||||
PanBW vs XG3D | 0.056 | ||||
Schick33 vs XG3D | 0.0007c | ||||
Intraobserver agreement caries presencef | Median kappa (IQR) | ||||
PSP | 0.62 (0.57, 0.74) | ||||
Schick33 | 0.73 (0.62, 0.81) | ||||
PanBW | 0.62 (0.52, 0.66) | ||||
XG3D | 0.65 (0.58, 0.74) | ||||
Modality | 0.411 | N/A | N/A | ||
Intraobserver agreement caries depthf | Median kappa (IQR) | ||||
PSP | 0.76 (0.59, 0.81) | ||||
Schick33 | 0.74 (0.66, 0.80) | ||||
PanBW | 0.66 (0.53, 0.740) | ||||
XG3D | 0.73 (0.70, 0.75) | ||||
Modality | 0.376 | N/A | N/A | ||
Intraobserver agreement caries cavitationf | Median kappa (IQR) | ||||
PSP | 0.69 (0.60, 0.75) | ||||
Schick33 | 0.70 (0.63, 0.81) | ||||
PanBW | 0.60 (0.41, 0.69) | ||||
XG3D | 0.72 (0.62, 0.80) | ||||
Modality | 0.197 | N/A | N/A |
CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range.
PanBW from Planmeca Inc., Helsinki, Finland; PSP from Gendex, Hatfield, PA; and Schick33 and XG3D have been obtained from Sirona Dental, Salzburg, Austria.
Statistically significant difference.
Fixed-effects main effects two-way ANOVA.
Fixed-effects Friedman's two-way non-parametric ANOVA and Wilcoxon rank-sum pairwise comparison, Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05, p < 0.0083, respectively).
One-way ANOVA with t-test pairwise comparison, Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05, p < 0.0083, respectively).
Fixed-effects Friedman's two-way non-parametric ANOVA and Wilcoxon rank-sum pairwise comparison, Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05, p < 0.0083, respectively).
One-way ANOVA.