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. 2016 Jan 18;45(3):20150281. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20150281

Table 2.

Summary of statistical findings comparing caries presence AZ, caries sensitivity/specificity, depth observation weighted kappa correlation, cavitation sensitivity/specificity and intraobserver agreement

Data set, modality Diagnostic measure Test effect p-value Pairwise comparison p-value
AZ scoresa Mean AZ ± 95% CI        
PSP 0.820 ± 0.037        
Schick33 0.780 ± 0.032        
PanBW 0.791 ± 0.035        
XG3D 0.828 ± 0.020        
    Observer 0.15 N/A N/A
    Modality 0.10 N/A N/A
Caries sensitivityb Mean sensitivity ± 95% CI        
PSP 0.57 ± 0.07        
Schick33 0.48 ± 0.09        
PanBW 0.53 ± 0.08        
XG3D 0.62 ± 0.07        
    Observer <0.0001c    
    Modality 0.0002c    
        PSP vs PanBW 0.23
        PSP vs Schick33 0.0018c
        PSP vs XG3D 0.10
        PanBW vs Schick33 0.033
        PanBW vs XG3D 0.0071c
        Schick33 vs XG3D <0.0001c
        Schick33 vs XG3D 0.73
Caries specificitya Mean specificity ± 95% CI        
PSP 0.90 ± 0.08        
Schick33 0.96 ± 0.04        
PanBW 0.86 ± 0.09        
XG3D 0.97 ± 0.02        
    Observer 0.0005c    
    Modality 0.0016c    
        PSP vs PanBW 0.10
        PSP vs Shick33 0.034
        PSP vs XG3D 0.07
        PanBW vs Schick33 0.0005c
        PanBW vs XG3D 0.0013c
Lesion depth correlation with micro-CT (kappa)d Median kappa (IQR)        
PSP 0.40 (0.30, 0.53)        
Schick33 0.43 (0.40, 0.50)        
PanBW 0.27 (0.23, 0.38)        
XG3D 0.63 (0.44, 0.72)        
    Modality 0.003c    
        PSP vs PanBW 0.62
        PSP vs Shick33 1.00
        PSP vs XG3D 0.15
        PanBW vs Schick33 0.32
        PanBW vs XG3D 0.002c
        Schick33 vs XG3D 0.30
Cavitation sensitivitye Mean sensitivity ± 95% CI        
PSP 0.57 ± 0.14        
Schick33 0.48 ± 0.10        
PanBW 0.53 ± 0.11        
XG3D 0.62 ± 0.06        
    Observer 0.0063c    
    Modality <0.0001c    
        PSP vs PanBW 0.043
        PSP vs Schick33 0.16
        PSP vs XG3D 0.0011c
        PanBW vs Schick33 0.50
        PanBW vs XG3D <0.0001c
        Schick33 vs XG3D <0.0001c
Cavitation specificitye Mean specificity ± 95% CI        
PSP 0.90 ± 0.01        
Schick33 0.96 ± 0.01        
PanBW 0.86 ± 0.01        
XG3D 0.97 ± 0.02        
    Observer 0.18    
    Modality 0.0025c    
        PSP vs PanBW 0.14
        PSP vs Schick33 0.78
        PSP vs XG3D 0.0015c
        PanBW vs Schick33 0.077
        PanBW vs XG3D 0.056
        Schick33 vs XG3D 0.0007c
Intraobserver agreement caries presencef Median kappa (IQR)        
PSP 0.62 (0.57, 0.74)        
Schick33 0.73 (0.62, 0.81)        
PanBW 0.62 (0.52, 0.66)        
XG3D 0.65 (0.58, 0.74)        
    Modality 0.411 N/A N/A
Intraobserver agreement caries depthf Median kappa (IQR)        
PSP 0.76 (0.59, 0.81)        
Schick33 0.74 (0.66, 0.80)        
PanBW 0.66 (0.53, 0.740)        
XG3D 0.73 (0.70, 0.75)        
    Modality 0.376 N/A N/A
Intraobserver agreement caries cavitationf Median kappa (IQR)        
PSP 0.69 (0.60, 0.75)        
Schick33 0.70 (0.63, 0.81)        
PanBW 0.60 (0.41, 0.69)        
XG3D 0.72 (0.62, 0.80)        
    Modality 0.197 N/A N/A

CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range.

PanBW from Planmeca Inc., Helsinki, Finland; PSP from Gendex, Hatfield, PA; and Schick33 and XG3D have been obtained from Sirona Dental, Salzburg, Austria.

a

Statistically significant difference.

b

Fixed-effects main effects two-way ANOVA.

c

Fixed-effects Friedman's two-way non-parametric ANOVA and Wilcoxon rank-sum pairwise comparison, Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05, p < 0.0083, respectively).

d

One-way ANOVA with t-test pairwise comparison, Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05, p < 0.0083, respectively).

e

Fixed-effects Friedman's two-way non-parametric ANOVA and Wilcoxon rank-sum pairwise comparison, Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05, p < 0.0083, respectively).

f

One-way ANOVA.