Figure 2. Overexpression of Ndrg1 in a T-cell clone mimics the anergic state.

(a,b) Proliferation of TAT-protein-transduced A.E7 cells (a) or anergic A.E7 cells (b) stimulated with various concentrations of anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 for 48 h was measured in a ³H-thymidine incorporation assay. Anergic A.E7 cells were generated by 18 h stimulation with anti-CD3 and 5 days resting. (c,d) IL-2 production of TAT-protein-transduced A.E7 cells (c) or anergic A.E7 cells (d) stimulated as in a,b was measured by ELISA assay. (e,f) The relative inhibition of cytokine production in TAT–Ndrg1-transduced A.E7 cells (e) or anergic A.E7 cells (f) stimulated with 30 (e) or 10 μg ml⁻¹ (f) of anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 for 48 h. The ratio of inhibition=(amount of cytokine produced by TAT–Ndrg1-transduced cells or anergic cells/amount of cytokine produced by TAT–GFP-transduced cells or untreated cells) × 100. (g,h) IL-2-induced proliferation of TAT–Ndrg1-transduced A.E7 cells (g) or anergic A.E7 cells (h) was measured in a ³H-thymidine incorporation assay after 48 h treatment with various concentrations of IL-2. Results are representative of two independent experiments (a–h); error bars, s.d.