TABLE 1.
Selected characteristics of studies comparing psychological treatments of depression in college students with control conditions
| Comp | Definition of depression |
Conditions | N | Nsess | Form | RoBa) | Country | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gawrysiak[34] | CR | 1st year Psychology students; screening instrument |
BDI-II ≥ 14 | 1. BA 2. CAU |
14 16 |
1 | Ind | −−sr+ | USA |
| Hamamci[35] | 0 | Announcements | BDI ≥ 19 | 1. Psychodrama CBT 2. CBT 3. CAU |
10 10 11 |
11 | Grp | −−sr− | Turkey |
| Hamdan- Mansour[36] |
$ | Announcements | BDI ≥ 15 | 1. CBT 2. CAU |
44 36 |
10 | Grp | −+sr− | Jordan |
| Hayman[37] b) | 0 | Announcements | BDI 13–30 | 1. Social skills training 2. Waiting list |
16 12 |
8 | Grp | +−sr− | USA |
| Hogg[38] | 0 | Students seeking treatment at college counseling center |
Mood disorder + BDI ≥ 14 |
1. CBT 2. Interpers group ther 3. Waiting list |
13 14 10 |
8 8 |
Grp Grp |
−−sr− | USA |
| Pace[39] | CR | Undergraduate educational psychology classes |
BDI 10–29 | 1. CBT 2. Waiting list |
31 43 |
7 | Ind | −−sr− | USA |
| Pecheur[40] | 0 | Announcements; Christian students from different years |
MDD (RDC) + BDI ≥ 15 + HAM-D ≥ 20 |
1. CBT 2. Religious CBT 3. Waiting list |
7 7 7 |
8 8 |
Ind Ind |
−−+− | USA |
| Peden[41] | 0 | Announcements; All female college students |
BDI ≥ 16 or CES-D ≥ 16 |
1. CBT 2. CAU |
46 46 |
6 | Grp | −−sr− | USA |
| Rohde[42] | $ | Direct mailings to 1st/2nd year students | 2 symptoms, no MDD |
1. CBT 2. Brochure control |
27 33 |
6 | Grp | +−++ | USA |
| Seligman[43] | $ | Mail to all incoming students of one university |
BDI 9–24 | 1. CBT 2. No treatment |
102125 | 8 | Grp | −−+− | USA |
| Shaw[44] | 0 | Referral from college health center, or self-referral |
BDI ≥ 18 | 1. CBT 2. BA 3. Supportive therapy 4. Waiting list |
8 8 8 8 |
8 8 8 |
Grp Grp Grp |
−−sr− | USA |
| Taylor[45] | 0 | Announcements | BDI ≥ 13 + D-30 ≥ 70 |
1. CT 2. BA 3. CBT 4. Waiting list |
7 7 7 7 |
6 6 6 |
Ind Ind Ind |
−−sr− | Canada |
| Turner[46] | 0 | Announcements | DACL T-score ≥ 70 |
1. BA 2. Attention control |
17 17 |
5 | Ind | −−sr− | USA |
| Tyson[47] | CR or $ |
Experimental pool of students + announcements |
MMPI-d T-score ≥ 60 |
1. Gestalt therapy 2. Attention placebo |
11 11 |
4 | Grp | −−sr− | USA |
| Vazquez[48] | 0 | Announcements | CES-D ≥ 16 + no MDD |
1. CBT 2. Control (relaxation) |
65 61 |
8 | Grp | −−sr+ | Spain |
In this column a positive (+), or negative (−) sign is given for four risk of bias criteria, respectively: allocation sequence; concealment of allocation to conditions; blinding of assessors; and intention-to-treat analyses.
In this study 4 of the 26 included subjects were not college students.
$, compensation by money; BA, behavioral activation; CAU, care as usual; CBT, cognitive behavior therapy; Comp, compensation; CR, compensation by study credits; Form, format; Grp, group; Ind, individual; Interpers, interpersonal; MDD, major depressive disorder; Nsess, number of sessions; RoB, risk of bias; Sr, self-report; Ther, therapy.