Table 4.
Associations between early-life predictors and older-age correlates of resilience, and their mediation by resilience
| Predictor | Outcome | Bivariate | Indirect | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r | p | β | z | p | ||
| Dependability | Older-age health | 0.06 | 0.533 | |||
| HADS | −0.04 | 0.574 | ||||
| WEMWBS | −0.04 | 0.575 | ||||
| Loneliness | 0.12 | 0.116 | ||||
| Childhood illnesses | Older-age health | −0.20 | 0.026 | −0.04 | −1.75 | 0.080 |
| HADS | 0.19 | 0.013 | 0.08 | 2.09 | 0.036 | |
| WEMWBS | −0.12 | 0.130 | ||||
| Loneliness | −0.03 | 0.671 | ||||
| Childhood stressors | Older-age health | 0.13 | 0.143 | |||
| HADS | −0.03 | 0.678 | ||||
| WEMWBS | 0.14 | 0.074 | ||||
| Loneliness | −0.00 | 0.953 | ||||
| EA stressors | Older-age health | −0.07 | 0.442 | |||
| HADS | −0.02 | 0.756 | ||||
| WEMWBS | 0.04 | 0.649 | ||||
| Loneliness | −0.24 | 0.002 | −0.03 | 1.63 | 0.103 | |
| Early-life stressors | Older-age health | 0.01 | 0.874 | |||
| HADS | −0.04 | 0.594 | ||||
| WEMWBS | 0.11 | 0.138 | ||||
| Loneliness | −0.21 | 0.005 | −0.05 | 2.23 | 0.026 | |
EA Early-adulthood, HADS hospital anxiety and depression scale, WEMWBS Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale. The mediating effects of resilience were assessed using the Sobel test for all bivariate associations of p < 0.1. Significant results at p < 0.05 (without correcting for multiple comparisons) are highlighted in bold