Overexpression of miR-541 promoted the proliferation of VSMCs. A. qRT-PCR analysis of miR-541 in VSMCs upon transfection of miR-541 mimics. The expression of miR-541 in VSMCs transfected with miR-541 mimics was up-regulated. U6 snRNA was used as internal control. B. The CCK8 proliferation assay has shown that miR-541 overexpression can induce the VSMCs proliferation. C. qRT-PCR analysis of miR-541 in VSMCs upon transfection of miR-541 inhibitor. The expression of miR-541 in VSMCs transfected with miR-541 inhibitors was down-regulated. U6 snRNA was used as internal control. D. The CCK8 proliferation assay has shown that miR-541 downregulation can inhibit the VSMCs proliferation. E. qRT-PCR analysis of PCNA in VSMCs upon transfection of miR-541 mimics, inhibitor, scramble or control. F. Western blot analysis of PCNA in VSMCs upon transfection of miR-541 mimics, inhibitors, or scramble or control. *p<0.05, and **p<0.01, *** p<0.001.