| WWTP | Wastewater treatment plant |
| WSPs | Waste stabilization ponds |
| WWTFs | Wastewater treatment facilities |
| ERL | Effect range low |
| ERM | Effect range medium |
| PAHs | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
| DWAF | Department of Water Affairs and Forestry |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| US EPA | United States Environmental Protection Agency |
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