Table 2.

Data Collection: Methods, Participants, and Tools

Data collection method	Postholding sites (n = 13)	Matched sites (n = 15)	Total participants
Observation of the postholder and non postholder for two 2-h sessions over 1 week, as they delivered care and interacted with service users and other staff.	23 postholders	23 healthcare professionals providing services (12 Clinical Nurse Manager Grade 2/staff-nurses, 2 midwives, 1 behaviour therapist and 8 doctors)	46
Interviews were held with nurses and doctors from six areas: midwifery (n = 4), and children’s (n = 3), general (n = 18), community (n = 4), mental health (n = 8) and intellectual disability nursing (n = 4).	21	20	41
Interviews were held with service users from five areas: midwifery (n = 6), and children’s (n = 4), general (n = 18), community (n = 4), and mental health nursing (n = 9).	20	21	41
Interviews (Director of Nursing or Midwifery) from six different areas: midwifery (n = 3), and children’s (n = 2), general (n = 7), community (n = 2), intellectual disability (n = 3) and mental health nursing (n = 6).	8 (plus 5 postholding and matched)	10 (plus 5 postholding and matched)	28