Table 2.
Characteristics of females with and without EIB and males with and without EIB. Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%) unless otherwise indicated
| Female EIB N = 36 | Female No EIB N = 48 | p-value | Male EIB N = 13 | Male No EIB N = 43 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI | 21.7 ± 3.0 | 20.5 ± 2.9 | 0.086 | 20.5 ± 1.7 | 21 ± 3.1 | 0.53 |
| Overweight and obesity | 6 (16.7) | 4 (8.3) | 0.31 | 0 | 5 (11.6) | 0.58 |
| Exercise-induced dyspnoea | 33 (91.7) | 26 (54.2) | <0.001 | 9 (69.2) | 26 (60.5) | 0.58 |
| Ever asthmaa | 17 (47.2) | 7 (14.6) | 0.001 | 5 (38.5) | 11 (28.9) | 0.37 |
| Rhinitis | 11 (30.6) | 15 (31.3) | 0.95 | 6 (46.2) | 15 (34.9) | 0.46 |
| FVC% predictedb | 91.1 ± 10.6 | 94.0 ± 11.7 | 0.22 | 98.4 ± 10.5 | 96.2 ± 11.7 | 0.54 |
| FEV1 % predictedb | 88.8 ± 8.4 | 94.4 ± 10.6 | 0.012 | 94.5 ± 10.9 | 93.6 ± 10.5 | 0.74 |
| IgE sensitisation | 13 (36.1) | 17 (35.4) | 0.95 | 8 (61.5) | 24 (55.8) | 0.72 |
| Inhaled corticoid steroids | 11 (30.1) | 5 (10.4) | 0.020 | 3 (23.1) | 6 (14.0) | 0.42 |
| Short acting beta-2-agonist | 19 (52.8) | 11 (22.9) | 0.005 | 4 (30.8) | 12 (27.9) | 0.84 |
| Disturbed sleep | 8 (22.2) | 0 | 0.001 | 1 (7.7) | 1 (2.3) | 0.41 |
| HAD | ||||||
| Anxiety, median (IQR) | 7 (4) | 4 (6) | 0.031 | 3 (4) | 3 (4) | 0.72 |
| Depression, median (IQR) | 2 (4) | 2 (3) | 0.74 | 1 (4) | 1 (4) | 0.25 |
EIB exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, BMI body mass index (kg/m2), HAD Hospital anxiety and depression scale
aSelf-reported, having ever been diagnosed by a physician as having asthma
bForced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 presented as percentage of predicted recorded at baseline before EIB test