Table 1.
Early mortality results.
| First Author | Year | Type of study | Number of patients | % treated with rEVAR | Early mortality (endo % vs. open %; p value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohki [36] | 2000 | Retrospective | 25 | 80.0% | No difference (10% vs. 0%; NS) |
| Hinchcliffe [37] | 2001 | RCT (Nottingham trial) | 32 | 49.0% | No difference (53% vs. 53%) |
| Yilmaz [38] | 2002 | Prospective/Retrospective | 64 | 37.5% | No difference (24% vs. 41%; NS) |
| Peppelenbosch [10] | 2003 | Prospective/Retrospective | 40 | 65.0% | No difference (31% vs. 50%; NS) |
| Resch [39] | 2003 | Prospective/Retrospective | 37 | 37.8% | No difference (29% vs. 35%; p>.05) |
| Reichart [40] | 2003 | Prospective/Retrospective | 26 | 23.1% | N/A |
| Lee [41] | 2004 | Retrospective | 36 | 36.0% | Lower in rEVAR (7.7% vs. 30.8%) |
| Alsac [26] | 2005 | Case series | 37 | 46.0% | Lower in rEVAR (23.5% vs. 50%; p=.09) |
| Kapma [42] | 2005 | Prospective | 253 | 15.8% | Lower in EVAR (13% vs. open 30%; p=.021) |
| Larzon [28] | 2005 | Prospective | 50 | 30.0% | No difference (13% vs. 46%; p>.05) |
| Castelli [27] | 2005 | Retrospective | 46 | 54.3% | No difference (20% vs. 47.6%; NS) |
| Vaddenini [43] | 2005 | Retrospective | 24 | 62,5% | No difference (22% vs.. 26%) |
| Brandt [44] | 2005 | Retrospective | 39 | 54.0% | Lower in rEVAR (8% vs. 53%, P=.003) |
| Peppelenbosch [45] | 2006 | Prospective; Multicentre (ERA trial) | 100 | 49.0% | No difference (35% vs. 39%; p=.78) |
| Greco [35] | 2006 | Population-based | 5798 | 3.4% | N/A |
| Visser [46] | 2006 | Prospective | 55 | 47.3% | No difference (31% vs. 31%; p=.98) |
| Arya [47] | 2006 | Prospective ITT | 51 | 33.3% | No difference (24% vs. 47%; p=.14) |
| Franks [48] | 2006 | Retrospective | 19 | 47.3% | No difference (11% vs. 54%; p=.03) |
| Coppi [49] | 2006 | Retrospective | 124 | 26.6% | No difference (30% vs. 46%) |
| van der Viet [50] | 2007 | Prospective | 77 | 64.0% | Lower in EVAR (25% vs. 49%; p=.04) |
| Moore [51] | 2007 | Prospective; Protocol modified | 126 | 15.9% | Lower in rEVAR (5% vs. 28%, p=.0084) |
| Najjar [52] | 2007 | Retrospective | 37 | 40.5% | No difference (6.7% vs. 13.6; p=.61) |
| Ockert [53] | 2007 | Retrospective | 58 | 50.0% | No difference (31% vs. 31%; p=1.0) |
| Sharif [54] | 2007 | Retrospective | 126 | 58.7% | Lower in EVAR (32.7% vs. 51.4%; p=.05) |
| Acosta [55] | 2007 | Retrospective | 162 | 34.6% | No difference (34% vs. 45% in-hospital mortality; p=.16) |
| Anain [56] | 2007 | Retrospective | 40 | 75.0% | No difference (17% vs. 40%; p=.19) |
| Dalainas [57] | 2008 | Prospective | 28 | 71.4% | No difference (40% vs. 62.6%; p>.05) |
| Egorova [34] | 2008 | Population-based | 43033 | 2.5% | Lower in rEVAR up to 90 days postop |
| Lesperance [58] | 2008 | Population-based | 9931 | 9.6% | Lower in rEVAR (31% vs. 42%; p<.001) |
| Lee [59] | 2008 | Prospective | 37 | 45.9% | Lower in EVAR (35% vs. 75%; p=.02) |
| Wibmer [30] | 2008 | Retrospective | 47 | 34.0% | No difference (0% vs. 12.9%; p=.28) |
| Giles [60] | 2009 | Population-based | 567 | 21.0% | Lower in rEVAR (24% vs. 36%; p<.05) |
| Giles [61] | 2009 | Population-based | 28429 | 8.2% | Lower in rEVAR (33% vs. 41%; p<.001) |
| McPhee [62] | 2009 | Population-based | 27750 | 11.5% | Lower in rEVAR (31.7% vs. 40.7%; p <.0001) |
| Vogel [63] | 2009 | Population-based | 5176 | 12.0% | No difference (45.1% vs. 52.4%; p=.21) |
| Verhoeven [64] | 2009 | Prospective | 159 | 71.7% | Lower in EVAR (20% vs. 27.2%) |
| Visser [65] | 2009 | Prospective; Multicentre | 201 | 28.9% | No difference (26% vs. 40%; p=.06) |
| Vun [66] | 2009 | Retrospective | 45 | 15.6% | Lower in EVAR (0% vs. 42%) |
| Veith [67] | 2009 | Retrospective | 1443 | 47.1% | Lower in EVAR (17.4±8.9% vs. 35.8±12.4%; p=.0001) |
| Holt [68] | 2010 | Population-based | 4414 | 7.6% | Lower in EVAR (32.2% vs. 47.4%; p<.001) |
| Lyons [69] | 2010 | Retrospective | 47 | 38.0% | No difference (11% vs. 32%; NS) |
| Starnes [70] | 2010 | Retrospective | 46 | 48.0% | Lower in EVAR (18.5% vs. 54.2%; p=.01) |
| Chagpar [71] | 2010 | Retrospective | 167 | 19.2% | Lower in rEVAR (15.6% vs. 43.7%; p=.004) |
| Van Schaik [72] | 2011 | Prospective | 56 | 26.8% | Lower in EVAR (26% vs. 46%) |
| Sarac [73] | 2011 | Retrospective | 160 | 32.0% | No difference (31.2% vs.. 32%; p=.93) |
| Ten Bosch [74] | 2012 | Prospective | 129 | 19.0% | Lower in EVAR (20% vs. 45%; p=.021) |
| Mayer [75] | 2012 | Prospective ITT; Multicentre | 473 | 57.0% | Lower in rEVAR (15.7% vs.. 37.4%; p=0.35) |
| Ioannidis [76] | 2012 | Retrospective | 43 | 46.5% | No difference (35% vs. 43%; p=.627) |
| Nedeau [77] | 2012 | Retrospective | 74 | 25.7% | Lower in rEVAR (15.7% vs. 49%; p=.008) |
| Noorani [78] | 2012 | Retrospective | 102 | 51.0% | Lower in rEVAR (12% vs. 28%) |
| Saqib [25] | 2012 | Retrospective | 278 | 13.3% | No difference (50% vs. 54%; p=.66) |
| Park [79] | 2013 | Population-based | 16558 | 22.9% | Lower in rEVAR (OR=0.492; CI, 0.380–0.636) |
| Mehta [80] | 2013 | Prospective ITT | 283 | 42.4% | Lower in rEVAR (24.2% vs. 44.2%; p<.005) |
| Reimerink [81] | 2013 | RCT (AJAX trial) | 116 | 49.1% | No difference (21% vs. 25%; p=.66) |
| Wu [82] | 2014 | Retrospective | 36 | 42.9% | No difference (33.3% vs. 15.5%; p=.201) |
| Mohan [83] | 2014 | Population-based | 41,126 | 19.3% | Lower in EVAR (25.9% vs.. 39.1%; p<0.001) |
| Speicher [84] | 2014 | Population-based | 1997 | 30.7% | Lower in EVAR (26.2% vs. 38.5%; p<.001) |
| Edwards [85] | 2014 | Prospective | 10998 | 10.0% | Lower in rEVAR (38.8 vs. 47.7%) |
| van Beek [16] | 2015 | Observational based on AJAX trial | 467 | 15.6% | N/A |
| Gunnarsson [22] | 2015 | Population-based | 1304 | 26.0% | No difference (28% vs. 27.4%; p=.87) |
| McHugh [4] | 2015 | Prospective | 41 | 56.0% | No difference (34.8% vs. 38.9%; p=.786) |
| Desgranges [86] | 2015 | RCT (ECAR trial) | 107 | 52.3% | No difference (39.3% vs. 41%; p=.239) |
| Improve Trial Investigators [23] | 2015 | RCT (IMPROVE trial) | 613 | 51.5% | No difference (35.4% vs. 37.4%; p=.62) |
| Huang [19] | 2015 | Retrospective | 1534 | 58.0% | No difference (0.9% vs. 1.3%; p=.56) |