Table 2. Summary of model selection results.

Model	Ka	ΔAICb	Wc
Weighted NDVId mean + primary road densitye + secondary road densityf + percent NLCDg + regionh	18	0.00	0.99
Weighted NDVI mean + primary road density + secondary road density + percent NLCD	17	8.99	0.01
Primary road density + percent NLCD + region	16	29.01	< 0.01
Primary road density + percent NLCD	15	33.61	< 0.01

Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) model selection results for the top 4 models from a set of 22 used to test the spatial relationship between independent variables and the occurrence of black bear incident reports, Michigan, USA, 2003–2011.

^a K = the number of estimated parameters in the model.

^b ΔAIC = AIC difference in relation to the top-ranked model.

^c w = AIC model weight.

^d NDVI = Normalized Difference Vegetation Index.

^e Primary road density = interstates, highways, and residential roads.

^f Secondary road density = roads that may be paved but have little traffic (e.g., park roads, two-track roads, etc.).

^g NLCD = National Land Cover Database; percent NLCD = percent area for each land cover (e.g., developed open space, deciduous forest, cultivated crops, etc.).

^h Region = Upper Peninsula or Lower Peninsula.