Table 1.

Ten formulations of LbL nanoparticles with unique terminal polymer layers were fabricated using the TFF method. Each particle is a bilayer formed on carboxy-modified polystyrene substrates (CML-[poly(L-arginine)/polymer X], where polymer X is one of the terminal layers described below). The size, uniformity and zeta potential of each nanoparticle formulation was determined by dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler electrophoresis. Error represents the standard deviation of three technical replicates.

Terminal Layer	Average Hydrodynamic Size [nm]	Polydispersity Index	Zeta Potential [mV]
Carboxy-modified latex	95 ± 5	0.10 ± 0.03	−63 ± 1
Poly(L-arginine)	105 ± 2	0.03 ± 0.01	66 ± 1
Poly(L-aspartic acid)	101 ± 9	0.08 ± 0.02	−63 ± 1
Poly(L-glutamic acid)	106 ± 3	0.04 ± 0.04	−61 ± 1
Poly(L-glutamic acid)-b-polyethylene glycol	105 ± 9	0.08 ± 0.01	−51 ± 3
Poly(acrylic acid)	99 ± 7	0.05 ± 0.03	−68 ± 2
Hyaluronic acid	153 ± 8	0.05 ± 0.02	−56 ± 2
Dextran sulfate	109 ± 9	0.13 ± 0.04	−75 ± 1
Heparin-folate conjugatea)	120 ± 9	0.07 ± 0.03	−61 ± 2
Sulfated beta cyclodextrin polymer	110 ± 8	0.05 ± 0.06	−50 ± 2
Heparin sulfate	107 ± 4	0.11 ± 0.04	−73 ± 2
Fucoidan	126 ± 4	0.12 ± 0.05	−61 ± 1

^a)Heparin sulfate was conjugated to folic acid using NHS addition chemistry. See supplemental information for more detail.